Research On The Intervention Of Social Work In Rural Nursing Homes To Improve The Quality Of Life Of The Elderly With Five Guarantees

With the continuous advancement of the aging trend in China,the need of people’s pension Showing diversification and specialization too.This problem is particularly prominent in rural areas with a large number of elderly population is that the traditional home-based pension model and community pension model have been difficult to meet the pension needs of the elderly.The township nursing home in China is a non-profit organization developed on the basis of the five guarantees,which plays an important supplementary role in the elderly care in rural areas.The elderly with five guarantees in rural areas have no children to rely on,lack the necessary source of living,and basically lose their ability to work.Therefore,it has become an inevitable choice to stay in nursing homes for the elderly.However,the late start of the township nursing home system in China,its infrastructure is often rudimentary,and there is a lack of professional nursing staff.In addition,due to the reasons of the elderly themselves,the elderly with the five guarantees may face the problem that it is difficult to effectively improve their quality of life after entering the nursing home.It is mainly manifested in the following aspects: in physiologically,which is characterized by sleeping and eating disorders;besides,it usually shows loneliness,anxiety,insecurity and there are also some problems in social conditions,such as poor interpersonal relations.The quality of life mainly reflects the health evaluation of individuals or groups.In the quality of individual life,it reflects the individual’s living conditions and subjective experience of their own standards,goals,expectations and things they care about.It is the individual’s subjective satisfaction with their own life,including three dimensions:psychological,physiological and social state.Therefore,the quality of life of the elderly with five guarantees in the nursing home reflects the subjective satisfaction of the elderly with five guarantees.The paper as the perspective of social work,combined with the hierarchy of needs theory and ecosystem theory,this paper studies the quality of life of the two case owners living in the nursing home by using the qualitative research methods of interview and case observation.The quality of life of the elderly with five guarantees in nursing homes is defined as three dimensions: physical,psychological and social state,Through the prediction of the quality of life of two elderly people with five guarantees in Y nursing home,and after mastering the quality of life and problems of the case owner,this paper analyzed the causes of the problems and designed a set of corresponding service scheme,and finally put forward to assist the case owner to solve the current quality of life problems from the two aspects of the case owner and the organization,so as to effectively improve the quality of life of the case owner.After reaching the service goal,the case is closed,and then the social work intervention is evaluated.Combined with the data of the case owner and the author’s participation and observation,it is found that there are two main reasons for the low quality of life of the elderly with five guarantees in the nursing home: on the one hand,it is the reason of the elderly with five guarantees,on the other hand,it is the reason of the elderly with five guarantees themselves.At the level of elderly care institutions,it is mainly reflected in: the institutional conditions are simple,the service content is single,and can not meet the diversified needs of the elderly under the five guarantees.But at the case level,it is mainly due to the older age and the decline of the elderly’s adaptability,which makes it difficult for them to integrate into the new environment.The lifestyle formed by the elderly industry is difficult to change in the short term after admission.The traditional concept of home-based elderly care also affects the elderly’s willingness to stay in nursing homes,and then affects their quality of life.The survey found that before the intervention of social workers with quality of life,the status of the case owner was mainly emotional loss,helplessness,timidity etc.In the physiological is mainly manifested in the discomfort of diet and low sleep quality,and in the social condition is mainly manifested in the discomfort of organization management and interpersonal communication.Therefore,on the basis of mastering the living conditions of the case owner,the author intervenes two elderly people with five guarantees from three aspects: physiology,psychology and society.Physiologically,help the case owner get rid of physical difficulties and further integrate him into the institutional life;Psychologically,provide psychological support for the case owner and assist the case owner to solve psychological problems;In society,helping the case owner to build interpersonal communication and adaptive institutional management,and improve the social adaptability of case owner.After the intervention,the evaluation found that the quality of life of the two victims had been improved to a certain extent.The research shows that the intervention of social work can help the elderly in the nursing home to solve their life problems and promote the improvement of their quality of life.