Research On The Voluntary Retention Phenomenon Of Outstanding Rural Teachers Under The Background Of "Rush To Cities" ——Based On The Perspective Of Rational Choice Theory

Under the background of the dual structure of urban and rural areas,the "rush to city" is a trend of choice for most rural teachers to pursue a better life and ideal working environment.In recent years,T County Education Bureau through a series of measures to reform rural teachers into the city selection program,overcome the previous information barriers,standards are not quantified and procedures are not transparent and other problems,for rural teachers into the city to provide fair competition conditions and ways.However,there are a number of excellent rural teachers who actively give up the opportunity to enter the city,stick to the countryside,overcome the difficulties of the poor teaching and living conditions in rural areas,and make the seemingly irrational voluntary retention behavior.Using the literature method and interview method,this study conducted interviews with outstanding teachers and related personnel who voluntarily gave up going to the city and voluntarily stayed in the countryside from the perspective of rational choice theory,and found that voluntary retention is the result of rural teachers’ comprehensive assessment of their own resources and personal strength.On this basis,economic rational choices and social rational choices are made from the aspects of increasing family income and decreasing expenditure,obtaining interpersonal support,satisfaction of career achievement,fulfillment of family responsibilities,and avoidance of negative experiences of others.The promotion of this choice is closely related to policy orientation,local feelings and interpersonal relationships.Specifically,the reward and punishment mechanism in the implementation of the policy has become a strong push and pull force for outstanding teachers to stay in rural areas.The local feelings in accordance with the traditional culture have become the internal preference of this group.The negative experience of the other in the city and the positive construction of local social interpersonal relationship become the direct reference of voluntary retention.The voluntary retention of outstanding rural teachers,in the process of the choice of rational agents,the realization of the best interests of every individual both conditioned by individuals for the combination of its own resources and strength,also subject to the policy,culture,local communities and relationships of the elements of the social structure standardizes,so as to realize the generated from micro to macro rational action.The consequences of this action not only reflect the individual’s pursuit of maximum benefit,but also determine the continuous occurrence of this action.In this sense,increasing policy preference for rural teachers,creating a friendly local environment and meeting the economic,social and emotional needs of rural teachers will encourage more excellent teachers to stay in rural areas and make contributions to the development of rural education.