Investigation And Analysis Of Medicinal Plant Resources In Anda City, Heilongjiang Province

Anda City is located in the southwest of Heilongjiang Province,with a wide grassland area,and is the hometown of Chinese Leymus chinensis.This study mainly obtains the basic situation of local medicinal plant resources through field investigation,market visit investigation and internal industry arrangement.Finally,according to the survey data,the characteristics of local medicinal plant resources were analyzed,and suggestions for the sustainable development of the resources were put forward.The main results are as follows:(1)There were 237 wild medicinal plants in Anda,which were divided into 52 families and 148 genera.The ferns were the least,which were single family,single genus and single species;The seed plants were the most,of which 31 monocotyledons(9 families and 18 genera)were included;There were 205 dicotyledons(42 families?129 genera).The dominant families were legumes and Compositae,and there were no obvious dominant genera;The single species and few species account for more than90% of the total number of species,so the composition of genera was more dispersed and has high diversity.(2)The composition of medicinal plants in Anda can be divided into three distribution areas and 3 variants.The proportion of the total families in the world was more than 80%,followed by the pan tropical distribution,which was closely related to the salinization of the local grassland.The floristic composition at the genus level has15 distribution types and 9 variants,and the northern temperate zone has the absolute advantage,it accounted for 41.07% of the total number of genera.It shows that the diversity and flora distribution of seed plants in Anda City correspond to the continental dry monsoon climate in the northern temperate zone.(3)There were 6 kinds of medical plants in Anda City,among which the proportion of perennial grass undergraduate,genus and species was the largest,accounted for 67.93% of the total species;The first or second year-old herbs were the second,accounted for 28.27% of the total species.Herbs accounted for more than 90%of the total number of species.The whole herb and roots and rhizomes accounted for the largest proportion of the total number of herbaceous plants,accounted for 83.54%of the total number of species,indicating that the geographical location and climate of Anda City was very suitable for the growth of herbaceous plants.(4)The medicinal efficacy of Anda medicinal plants can be divided into 16 kinds,such as heat clearing medicine,surface medicine,blood activating medicine,etc.The most important heat clearing drugs accounted for 35.44% of the total species,followed by water and moisture-absorbing drugs,accounting for 15.61% of the total species.Anda can be used for the development and utilization of the plants of the heat clearing and water permeable drugs.(5)29 species of medicinal plants were mainly investigated in Anda sample land,with a total reserve of 536.44 t.The distribution of reserves and annual allowable income was not uniform.Nearly half of the major investigated varieties had low frequency of occurrence.Therefore,the key investigation of Anda was low in the reserve of medicinal plants,and nearly half of them were scarce,and need to be protected.Some traditional Chinese medicine has low reserves,so we should strengthen the protection of wild traditional Chinese medicine and develop its cultivation and production properly.(6)There was no scale of traditional Chinese medicine cultivation in Anda City,most of which were scattered cultivation by local farmers,and the cultivated varieties are few.In the traditional medicine knowledge survey,local folk Chinese medicine was reluctant to disclose the test party due to intellectual property concerns,so only 2folk Chinese medicine were collected.It was suggested that the relevant laws and regulations on the protection of traditional medicine knowledge should be improved as soon as possible.(7)According to the analysis of the key protected varieties,the damage degree and the reserves of local resources,17 plants,such as Glycyrrhiza urensis,Gentiana manshurica,Platycodon grandiflorus,etc.,were recommended to be listed in the list of local protected plants.Suggestions for sustainable development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Anda City: increasing investment in degraded grassland and restoring grassland vegetation;Strictly supervise grazing and cutting of grassland,increasing the diversity and stability of medicinal plants;strengthen the training of relevant knowledge for local medicinal farmers to improve the effective utilization of resources;expand the cultivation of authentic medicinal materials to improve the economic benefits of medicinal farmers while protecting wild authentic medicinal resources.