Investigation And Analysis Of Medicinal Plant Resources In Dongshan District, Hegang City

Based on the investigation of medicinal plant resources in Dongshan District,Hegang City,Heilongjiang Province,this study mainly collated and summarized the species,family and genus distribution,floristic distribution,life form,medicinal site and efficacy of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District,focused on the reserves of medicinal plants,key protected and endangered medicinal plant species,cultivated medicinal plant species and folk prescription and other data,the data obtained are processed and analyzed.It not only provides a more scientific theoretical basis for the protection of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District,but also lays a sufficient groundwork for the development of wild medicinal plants and cultivated medicinal plants in Dongshan District.The main results of the study are summarized as follows:(1)There are 333 species of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District,belonging to 72 families and 225 genera,among which angiosperms contain the most species,including 65 families,213 genera and 317 species,accounting for 95.20% of the total species.Pteridophytes took the second place.There are 10 species belonging to 6families and 8 genera,accounting for 3.00% of the total species,and gymnosperms account for the least,only 1 family,4 genera and 6 species,accounting for 1.8% of the total species.The wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District are mainly angiosperms.(2)In the division of families and genera of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District,the single species family containing only one species and the oligospecific family containing 2?5 species in family were dominant,accounting for 76.39% of the family level.The genera with only one species and the oligospecies containing 2?4species in the genera were dominant,and the proportion of total genera is 97.78%.The wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District were dominated by families and genera with fewer species.The families with 10 or more species at the family level are 8 families,accounting for 11.12% of the family level,while the number of species is up to 155,accounting for 46.54% of the species level,indicating that there are dominant families phenomenon in the wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District.(3)Among the family-level floristic components of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District,the temperate elements are 21 families,accounting for 51.22%,and the tropical elements are 20 families,accounting for 48.78%.The family-level mid-temperate elements were slightly dominant,but the dominant phenomenon was not obvious.Among the floristic elements at the genus level,there are 165 genera of temperate elements,accounting for 86.84%,and 25 genera of tropical elements,accounting for 13.16%.According to the analysis of the proportion of distribution types at family level and genus level,the floristic components of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District are mainly temperate,and tropical elements infiltrate the flora to a certain extent.(4)The life forms of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District can be divided into 7 categories,of which 233 species are perennial herbs,accounting for 69.97% of the species class,followed by annual herbs,33 species,accounting for 9.91%.The proportion of semi-shrubs and small shrubs with only one species is the least,accounting for 0.30% of the total species.The composition of life forms of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District also reflects the characteristics of wide coverage of forest vegetation in the survey area.(5)The medicinal parts of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District can be classified into 10 categories,with a total frequency of 410 times,of which the most frequent occurrence is whole grass,175 times,accounting for 42.68%,followed by roots and rhizomes,accounting for 108 times,accounting for 26.34%.The lowest proportion of the total frequency was the resin and other medicinal materials with only2 times of frequency,and the proportion of less than 5% of the total frequency was also the medicinal plants used in flowers,leaves and seeds.According to the medicinal efficacy,the wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District can be divided into 18 categories,with a total frequency of 410 times,of which heat-clearing drugs have the highest frequency,accounting for 33.90%,followed by wind-dampness drugs,accounting for 15.12%.The effects with lower frequency are as follows: food suppressants,insect repellents,astringent drugs,cold dispelling drugs and purgative drugs.(6)During the investigation of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District,32 species of wild key investigated medicinal plants were found in the sample square,and their reserves were calculated.the results showed that the total reserves of key investigated medicinal plants in Dongshan District was 3631549.70 kg,of which Sanguisorba officinalis was the largest,with a total of 800639.73 kg,followed by Radix Glehniae,followed by Radix Glehniae,with a total of 668569.82 kg.The other medicinal materials with considerable total reserves are: Dryopteris Dryopteris,Phellodendron amurense,Phellodendron chinense,roadside green,Dioscorea zingiberensis and Paeonia lactiflora,etc.,and most of these medicinal materials are used as root and rhizome or whole grass,so the annual yield accounts for only a few of the reserves.(7)There are 23 species of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District,including15 species of national protected plants,7 species of provincial protected plants,and 1species of provincial and national protected plants.A total of 13 species of wild medicinal plants in Dongshan District were included in the Red list of Biodiversity in China,but only one species is endangered and the rest are endangered in varying degrees.In Dongshan District,there are some plants with high medicinal value,such as Acanthopanax senticosus,Schisandra,Platycodon grandiflorum,Phellodendron amurense and Dioscorea zingiberensis.(8)Through the investigation,it is found that the cultivated medicinal materials in Dongshan District are mainly Schisandra chinensis and Radix Paeoniae Rubra.Although the planting area is large,there is a lack of centralized and unified management,and the path of production and marketing has been more mature.however,the cultivation industry of medicinal materials in Dongshan District pays less attention to the innovation and development of new medicinal materials.(9)There are few folk prescriptions in Dongshan District,and their medicinal effects and taboos are various.This study puts forward some suggestions for the development and protection of folk prescriptions in Dongshan District.