Species Composition And Floristic Characteristics Of Medicinal Plants In Diecai District,Guilin City,Southwest China

Analysis of the species composition and floristic characteristics of the medicinal plants in Diecai District of Guilin City can not only understand the species and utilization of medicinal plants in Diecai District,but also provide a reference for the rational development,utilization and protection of medicinal plant resources in this area.At the same time,by studying the wild medicinal plant flora in Diecai District,it has enriched the flora data of this area,revealed the relationship with the medicinal plant flora in the adjacent area,and discussed the nature and origin of the medicinal plant flora in this area.It has a positive guiding role and practical significance for finding new medicinal plant resources,dividing the area of traditional Chinese medicine,and deepening the understanding of the geographical issues of the flora.Based on field surveys,a comprehensive and systematic survey of medicinal plant resources in Diecai District was conducted through literature review,market and interview surveys,specimen collection and identification,etc.The author understood the composition characteristics of medicinal plants in Diecai District,and analyzed the diversity of medicinal plant resources,growth and life forms,endemic and rare and endangered species,exotic and cultivated species,medicinal characteristics,the quantitative composition,geographical composition of the wild vascular flora in the area,and the relationship with the flora of the adjacent areas were also studied.Finally,the problems in the development,utilization and protection management of medicinal plant resources in Diecai District were discussed.It can provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development and utilization of medicinal plant resources in Diecai District,promoting the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge,and biodiversity protection.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.The medicinal plants in Diecai District are an important part of medicinal plants in Guangxi.There are 640 medicinal plants belonging to 467 genera and 154 families.Wild medicinal plants are the main component of medicinal plants in thisarea,which account for 72.34% of the total number of medicinal plants.There are 463 wild medicinal plants in Diecai District,which belong to 340 genera and 131 families.The composition of the family of wild medicinal plants is dominated by mono-specific family(1 species)and oligo-specific family(2-5 species);the composition of genera is mainly by mono-specific genera(1 species)and oligo-specific genera(2-4 species).The quantitative structure of intra-family species and intra-genera species indicates that wild medicinal plants have obvious dominant family and dominant genera.2.According to the division results of the growth and life forms of medicinal plants in Diecai District,the growth forms of medicinal plants in this area are mainly annual or biennial and perennial herb plants,with a total of 313 species,accounting for 48.91% of the total species,with the least being 69 species of vines.The life forms of medicinal plants in this area are mainly Phanerophytes,with 264 species,accounting for 41.25% of the total species,and the least are 50 species of ground bud plants.3.The distribution of medicinal plants that are endemic and rare and endangered in China in the Diecai District is relatively small.There are 33 endemic species belonging to China,belonging to 28 genus in 24 families,of which,3 endemic species in Guangxi belonging to 3 genus and 3 families.There are 13 rare and endangered medicinal plants belonging to 12 genus and 12 families.There are many exotic and cultivated medicinal plants in this area.There are 60 exotic species belonging to 31 genus and 53 families.According to the degree of local invasion and combined with relevant literature,it was divided into 6 invasion levels.Among the medicinal plants,there are 117 genus cultivated species belonging to 107 genus of 60 families.4.The 640 kinds of medicinal plants in Diecai District can be divided into 11 categories according to different parts of the medicine.Among them,the whole grass is the most used,with a total of 215 species,accounting for 33.59% of the total species;it accounts for 31.72% of the total species.Whole grass and roots are the main medicinal parts,which has great damage to medicinal plants and even are devastating.The medicinal properties of the medicinal parts can be divided into 5categories,of which the medicinal plants of the mediocre category are the most,with209 species,accounting for 32.66% of the total species,and the least proportion is the thermal medicinal plants.A medicinal part may have more than two medicinal tastes.According to the different medicinal tastes of medicinal parts,the medicinal plantmedicinal taste in Diecai District can be divided into 7 types.Among them,there are318 bitter medicines,accounting for 49.69% of the total,and the least proportion is salty medicines.There are various types of medicinal plants in Diecai District,which can be divided into 21 categories.Among them,heat-clearing drugs are the most,with265 kinds,accounting for 41.41% of the total.5.The distribution of medicinal plants that are endemic and rare and endangered in China in the Diecai District is relatively small.Judging from the type of family,there are 9 types of distribution areas and 6 variants of 131 families of medicinal plants in Diecai District.Among them,69 families of tropical families,accounting for81.17% of the total number of non-world families,have an absolute advantage in the families distributed in this area.In terms of genus types,the 340 genus of medicinal plants in Diecai District can be divided into 12 distribution area types and 16 variants.Among them,there are 180 genus of tropical nature,accounting for 63.38% of the total number of non-world genus.From the perspective of family and genus levels,tropical components have obvious advantages,indicating that the medicinal plant flora in this study area has obvious tropical and subtropical properties.This is also in line with the typical mid-subtropical climate presented by the medicinal flora of Diecai District in the South China flora.Among them,the tropical distribution is dominated by the pan-tropical distribution,indicating that the region lacks a typical tropical distribution type,and the temperate distribution has 36 genus in the northern temperate zone,accounting for 12.67% of the total genus,indicating that the temperate distribution is in the region well distributed and differentiated.For example,Pinus massoniana is naturally distributed in a large area in this area.So the flora of this area is mainly a type of tropical to temperate transition.6.There are many mono-specific genera(1 species)of medicinal plants in this area,but the uniqueness is low,and the flora has a certain ancientness and uniqueness.The composition of the medicinal plant genus is mainly a mono-specific genera.Many genera within the mono-specific genera are primitive groups that originated in temperate zones and uniquely distributed in China.This shows that the origin of the geographical flora in this area has a certain ancient nature,which is also in line with the development history and geological features of Guilin tropical karst in Diecai District.These mono-specific genera and endemic genera are widely distributed in this area,and some genus internal species have even become an established species or a key species in the vegetation succession process of this area.They have been fullyadapted to the subtropics of the karst stone mountain area after a long period of development and evolution climate,and transition to tropical climate,eventually evolved into a tropical distribution.The flora in this area has a low endemic degree and no endemic families.There are only two endemic species in Endemic to China,but there are 28 genera in E.Asia.This shows that the medicinal plant flora in this area has a certain degree Uniqueness.7.The comparison of the flora characteristics between Diecai District and the neighboring areas shows that it is the closest to Lingui District and Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County,and has the farthest relationship with Debao County.The R/T values in these areas indicate that the medicinal plant flora has obvious zonal zonality,and as the latitude increases,the tropical nature of the medicinal plant flora gradually weakens.According to the size of the R/T value combined with the analysis of Floristic spectrum,we can see that: from a global perspective,the main factors affecting the distribution type of medicinal plants in a certain area are the effects of their geographical location and geological and landform changes;it can be seen that factors such as zonal zonality,heterogeneous habitats,and topographic features lead to differences in hydrothermal conditions and thus affect the distribution types of medicinal plants in the region.