Research On Optimization Of Cultivated Land Rotation And Fallow Mode Under The Background Of Ecological Security

Since 2016,China has carried out pilot exploration on farmland rotation and fallow as a system throughout the country.According to the resource conditions and ecological characteristics of different regions,the system of farmland rotation and fallow has been established to promote sustainable development.On the premise of ensuring national food security and the basic stability of farmers’ planting income,in the groundwater funnel area,heavy metal pollution area,heavy metal pollution area,heavy metal pollution area,heavy metal pollution area and heavy metal pollution area Pilot projects will be carried out in areas with serious ecological degradation.In order to better play the role of cultivated land rotation and fallow,it is an urgent problem to optimize the mode of cultivated land rotation and fallow.Based on the results of the division of ecological security and dominant functions of cultivated land in the study area,this paper explores the optimization of cultivated land rotation and fallow mode in Meitan County under the joint action of the two.Taking villages and towns as the scale,this paper studies how to select a targeted cultivated land rotation and fallow mode in Guizhou,which is located in a serious ecological degradation area,so as to more effectively improve cultivated land productivity and stabilize micro field ecological security.It mainly uses spatial analysis,empirical research and quantitative analysis.On the basis of the existing research,combined with the specific reality of the study area,the index system of Meitan county and other counties in Guizhou Province is constructed;In the optimization part of the framework of cultivated land rotation and fallow mode,in addition to using the traditional index calculation method,it also integrates the concept of leading functional area to explore how to effectively connect the township use and cultivated land protection,which is also one of the innovations of this paper.Firstly,the evaluation index system of cultivated land ecological security was constructed based on the pressure state response model,and then the results of cultivated land ecological security classification were obtained,which provided the ecological index basis for the optimization of cultivated land rotation and fallow mode;Secondly,based on the economic and social development and the status quo of natural resources,this paper reconstructs the leading functional area of the study area,which is different from the use oriented mode of planning leading functional area,and lays the foundation for the optimization of cultivated land rotation and fallow mode;Finally,fully considering the ecological security of cultivated land and the results of the division of dominant functional areas,a new pattern of cultivated land rotation and fallow was summarized,and the optimization goal was finally achieved.The main conclusions are as follows.(1)According to the evaluation results,the ecological security of cultivated land in Meitan county can be divided into three levels: safe zone,critical safe zone and unsafe zone.Fuxing town is the safe zone,Yongxing Town,Mashan Town,Meijiang street,huangjiaba Town,Xihe Town,Shilian town and Xinglong town are the critical safe zone,Gaotai Town,Maoping town and Maoping town are the critical safe zone Yuquan street,chaole Town,Tiancheng Town,Xima town and Xinnan town are unsafe areas.(2)The selection of cultivated land rotation and fallow mode is affected by different factors in different areas,showing obvious differences.This paper puts forward the concept of cultivated land ecological security classification by comparing the influencing factors before and after the optimization of the rotation and fallow mode,and obtains the classification results of the study area.The results show that the indicators with higher weight of CSZ are the amount of land reserve resources per capita,the proportion of protected land area,the total agricultural output value,the area of cultivated land per capita and the disposable income of farmers per capita;The indexes with high weight of unsafe area are cultivated land utilization rate,natural population growth rate and human intervention index.(3)The division of Meitan county’s land use leading functional areas is established under the background of the comprehensive effect of natural economy and society,which is different from the conventional leading functional areas.In order to better implement the policy of crop rotation and fallow,implement the protection of cultivated land,and implement the grain storage in the ground.The dominant function of land use in Meitan county is divided into three areas,Xihe Town,Maoping town and Meijiang Street are ecological protection areas,Gaotai Town,Xinglong Town,Tiancheng Town,Xima town and Mashan town are economic development areas,and the rest are major grain producing areas.(4)The paper puts forward the view of "safety function" regulation and control,integrates the results of the division of the leading functional areas and the classification of ecological security grades,and finally divides the implementation types of the rotation of farmland rest in Meitan County into seven.The food security zone,crop change type,economic priority development zone,appropriate rest type,ecological protection priority type,cultivated land quantity reserve type and cultivated land quality improvement type.