Research On The Murals Of Han Tombs In The Hetao Area

Hetao area is a physical geographic unit which surrounded by Yinshan Mountain,Baiyu Mountain,Helan Mountain and Lvliang Mountain.This area is between the Han and Huns dynasty during Han dynasty,which is the object of contention among different ethnic groups.Under the historical background of the interlacing social environment of agriculture and animal husbandry and the alternation of the Han and Huns dynasty in Hetao area,a group of Han dynasty frescoed tombs rich in regional characteristics appeared.Although some scholars have noticed the particularity of the Han dynasty tomb murals in this area,the current research is still focused on the specific discussion of individual tombs,such as the tomb of Helinger,the tomb of Qushuhao in Jingbian canal and the tomb of Haotan in Dingbian.At present,the academic circle has not studied these han tomb murals from the perspective of Hetao area,which leads to the lack of overall grasp of the study of the murals,and the lack of in-depth discussion on the era and regional characteristics of the tomb murals in this area.In addition,there is still a big dispute about the age of some Han dynasty frescoed tombs.The introduction of this paper defines the concepts of Han tombs in Hetao area which have not been strictly defined in the academic circle.The first and second chapters introduce the murals of the tombs and the Han dynasty tombs respectively,and divide the murals into four categories:life scene,etiquette travel,belief concept and door hangers.The third chapter discusses the age of some disputed mural tombs in the academic circle according to the information of tomb shape and system,unearthed objects and features of mural paintings.On this basis,the Han dynasty mural tombs in Hetao area are divided into early and late periods.In this paper,the fourth chapter of early and late in the different age characteristics were discussed,think the layout of the early paintings range,subject use diversity,there are different under the same motif is specific image,and preferences in the burial chamber west wall mural decoration beliefs class,while the late paintings prefer servant handmaiden class fresco represented the life scene,and painting techniques more mature.In the fourth chapter,it is divided into three areas:along the Great Wall,inside and outside.The characteristics of the wall paintings in han tombs vary greatly among different areas.The fifth chapter explores the origin of Han dynasty tomb murals in Hetao area.Contrast Hetao area and the Two-capital region,both the early mural exists in the layout,the theme,image is more common,and are the beliefs class mural decoration in the tomb of west wall,whereas the larger difference in late,combined with the Han in Hetao area of wasteland,immigration history,prove in the Hetao area affected by the the Two-capital region.Through the contrast between the theme and the image,we can further see that the artistic exchange between the two places is limited to the image and rises to the cultural connotation.The sixth chapter discusses the "going to" of Han dynasty tomb murals in Hetao area.Comparing the Han dynasty tomb murals and stone paintings in Hetao area,those art forms are completely different.Although there is much overlap in the subject matter,there are differences in decoration layout and image techniques.Combined with the previous discussion on the era of Han dynasty frescoed tombs in Hetao area,these tombs were popular in this area first,and then the Han Dynasty stone paintings became popular.Influenced by factors such as climate cooling,environmental destruction,and frequent wars,the later Han dynasty stone paintings were distributed in lower altitude and lower latitude than the frescoed tombs.The seventh chapter of this paper studies the related problems of Han dynasty tomb murals in Hetao area.The mural of Han dynasty tombs in this area have three purposes:commemorating personnel,expressing ideas and being used for viewing.Their extensive use is directly related to the status of local tomb owners as local family members,landlords,landlords,and officials.In the image of the tomb owner and his wife in Haotan tomb in Dingbian county,the female tomb owner is dressed in the left skirt,which is a true portrayal of Huns-Han intermarriage in Hetao region,considering the precedent of Huns-Han intermarriage in Han dynasty,the history of local ethnic intermarriage,and the evidence of unearthed artifacts in haotan han tomb group.In Hetao area,there are often murals reflecting the way of livelihood in Han dynasty tombs,and the distribution characteristics of murals in three different ways of farming,hunting and grazing are obvious.However,according to the local natural environment,this phenomenon may be a reflection of different social preferences between regions.