Research On The Knot-type Acquisition Of Chinese Language Learners At The Intermediate And Advanced Stages

Based on Chinese resultative complement,this paper first analyzes the sense of Chinese complement and describes the meanings and sentence structures of resultatives,and then studies the overall situation of foreign students'acquisition of four types of resultatives by questionnaire,to explore which Chinese linguistic factors affect the acquisition of resultatives.Finally,the paper proposes some teaching suggestions.The first chapter analyzes the sense clustering of Chinese complement through investigating the polysemy of Chinese complement and the phenomenon of different degrees of Grammaticalization:(1)From the perspective of the degree of Grammaticalization of resultative complement,there are four types:"R₀""R₁""R₂"and"R₃",and then we can get four types of resultatives:"V+R₀""V+R₁""V+R₂"and"V+R₃";(2)from the perspective of the sense of resultative complement,there are nine types:"R dynamic state""R state""R attribute""R psychology""R measurement""R indicating""R result""R perfective"and"R degree".Combined with the semantic clustering of Chinese resultative complement and the analysis of the Grammaticalization of resultatives,the structural meaning of resultatives is concluded in Chapter 2:(1)changing;(2)judging;(3)indicating;(4)having results;(5)perfective;(6)degree.It also involves the semantic orientation analysis of Chinese complement and the comparative analysis of Chinese complement with deep Grammaticalization.The semantic orientation of Chinese complement includes eight categories:(1)to the patient(2)to the agent(3)to the organ(4)to the tool(5)to the environment(6)to the space(7)to the event(8)to the measure.The study also finds that:(1)To a certain extent,the subjective and objective sequences of the four types of resultatives are consistent,but the subjective and objective sequences of"V+R₂"resultatives are quite different;(2)The"V+R₁"and"V+R₃"resultatives are more difficult than"V+R₀"and"V+R₂"resultatives;(3)Four Chinese linguistic factors,namely,the degree of Grammaticalization and synthetical degree,the meaning of resultatives,the stability of indicating and the semantic orientation of Chinese complement will have a certain impact on the acquisition of resultatives;(4)Students'acquisition of 10 groups of resultatives includes six stages:G6/G1G4/G9/G10/G7G5G2G8/G3...