Chen Duxiu's Exploration Of The Way Out Of Modern China And Its Contemporary Enlightenment Research (1897-1921)

From 1897 to 1921,it was 24 years of turbulent times in modern China.From the Hundred Days Reform,the Revolution of 1911,the New Culture Movement,the May Fourth Movement to the founding of the Communist Party of China,from reform to revolution,from politics to ideology and culture,from capitalism to the rise of socialism,Chen Duxiu,as a witness to this series of events,Participants to leaders,their related explorations in various fields are engraved with the imprint of the trend of modern China,which has a profound impact on the development of modern China.The use of literature research method,historical analysis method,comprehensive analysis method and comparative research method to analyze Chen Duxiu's exploration process and content has important theoretical and practical significance.The background of Chen Duxiu's exploration,from a domestic perspective,is roughly intertwined with intensified internal and external troubles and the trend of national salvation.The development of the national industry is struggling as a whole,and the period coincides with a short spring of rapid development;foreign aggression has intensified,and the Beiyang government's rise to power marks the completion of the transfer of power between the new and old feudal autocratic forces;the influx of advanced Western thoughts intertwined and collided with Chinese civilization,and a hundred schools of thought to save the country contended..From a foreign perspective,it is roughly the situation where imperialism is rampant and socialism is opening up.The second industrial revolution promoted the new development of capitalism.Russia completed the October Revolution and opened the way for socialism.The outbreak of World War I promoted the establishment of a new rule of the Versailles-Washington system,the imperialist country.Based on the turbulent domestic and foreign environment,Chen Duxiu considered the crux of modern China from the three fields of economy,politics,and culture,and designed solutions for the crux of the problems in various fields.In the economic field,he pointed out that the rights of railway minerals and goods were lost,the currency sovereignty of customs routes was swayed,the population was overpopulated without production and consumption was idle,and the productive and working class were subjected to extreme oppression.He proposed to strive for economic lifeline rights,lay the foundation for the country's economic revival,and strengthen the external world.Economic exchanges,to promote China's foothold in the world market,to expand the scale of laborers,to awaken the class consciousness of laborers,to abolish the capitalist economic system,in order to fundamentally improve the conditions of laborers;in the political field,it pointed out that the mainstream of the autocratic monarch is poisonous and harmful to society.The constitutional and legal system has great shortcomings.The warlords use force to control politics and poison the political arena.The national mobilization awareness and strength are lacking.They propose to advocate the establishment of a democratic republic system,eliminate the monarchy and taint,democratically establish a constitution to implement constitutionalism,and repair the constitutional and legal failures.To abandon the military power politics of the warlord and to create a state of peace and tranquility,it is necessary to rely on the joint efforts of the people and focus on building national politics.It is necessary to organize labor movements and finally establish a proletarian power in a revolutionary way.In the cultural field,he pointed out that Confucianism "three The curse of the “concepts” theory,the fuel of the old conservative education,the hindrance of traditional literature,and the entrenchment of national inferiority,the crux of several problems.It is proposed to abandon the Confucian ethics guidelines,promote the concept of freedom,equality and independence,and take the essence of French and Western education.To build a new-style education system,we must hold high the banner of the literary revolution,build the three modern doctrines of literature,innovate the cultural environment,create a new national culture,and wash away the roots of national inferiority.Chen Duxiu's exploration of the way out for modern China not only had a profound impact at that time,but also has important enlightenment for the development of China today.From the perspective of its exploration measures,the economic system should be improved and reformed,and the integration of poverty alleviation and cultural baptism should be adhered to;the people's awareness of political participation should be stimulated,and the people's political influence should be stimulated;cultural shaping should absorb the essence and focus on innovation and creation to shape a new national culture.Judging from the evolution of its exploration trajectory,it is necessary to embrace all kinds of thoughts,to have a clear understanding of various trends of thought,to make rational choices,and to strengthen the belief in Marxism.From the perspective of its exploratory spirit,it is necessary to adhere to the exploratory standpoint based on the people,adhere to the exploratory norms of advancing with the times,and adhere to the exploratory thinking of developing both horizontally and vertically.