Research On The Sustainability Of Poverty Alleviation And Relocation In Southeastern Chongqing

Relocation is an important initiative that integrates poverty alleviation and development with environmental construction to improve the living environment and development conditions of poor families.Its poverty alleviation path is to relocate poor people living in areas with extremely fragile ecological environments."During the 13 th Five-Year Plan period,the relocation of poor people to remote areas has become an important element in the mechanism of the precise poverty alleviation strategy,a key move in winning the battle against poverty and building a moderately prosperous society,and one of the projects with the highest degree of public concern among the"five batches" of projects.From 2016 to 2020,more than 9.6 million poor people have been relocated to other parts of the country.During the same period,1,038,400 poor people in the Wuling Mountains region were relocated,accounting for 10.38% of the total number of relocation tasks nationwide.In terms of relocation tasks,the Wuling Mountain Area ranks first among the 14 concentrated contiguous special hardship areas in terms of the number of people planned to be relocated easily to alleviate poverty,and is above the average relocation level,making it an important position for the implementation of easy relocation work in China.Located at the northwest end of the Wuling Mountains,the closed mountain environment and lagging infrastructure in southeast Chongqing have been hindering the development of the local economy.Due to the constraints of the region's natural environment,although local cadres and villagers have tried very hard to escape poverty,even though some of the villagers' food and clothing problems have been temporarily solved,it is not uncommon for them to be "full but hungry again,warm but cold again".Therefore,studying the livelihood capital enhancement of migrants is of profound significance in promoting migrants' escape from poverty and improving relocation policies.This paper firstly analyses the poverty reduction mechanism of easy-land relocation from two dimensions: how changes in livelihood capital affect poverty status and how easy-land relocation affects changes in livelihood capital of poor households,so as to analyse the poverty reduction effect of easy-land relocation in a deeper way;secondly,it analyses the current situation of easy-land relocation in southeast Chongqing from three dimensions: geographical,economic and social It is found that the implementation of relocation in southeast Chongqing is relatively good and the economic level has improved significantly,but there are still some problems that need to be solved,especially the livelihood capital of the relocated people needs to be further enriched and improved.Based on theoretical analysis,this paper investigates the current situation of the implementation of poverty alleviation and relocation in southeast Chongqing,using three places,namely Wulong,Shizhu and Pengshui,as sample areas.Using sustainable livelihood theory as the analytical framework,this paper adopts the theory's five categories of livelihood capital to measure the livelihood capital of relocated farmers in the research area.Firstly,fifteen livelihood indicators are listed,and a comprehensive evaluation system of livelihood indicators is constructed.The net effect of relocation on the livelihood capital of relocated households.Through qualitative and quantitative analyses,it was found that the average value of livelihood capital of relocated households before the implementation of the policy was 1.510 and after the relocation was 1.739.The net value of the relocation policy on the livelihood capital of relocated households was 0.178,indicating that the overall level of livelihood capital of relocated households had increased after the relocation.However,problems such as imbalance among livelihood capital,large gap between the rich and the poor,and migrants' own lack of capacity to generate blood were also found.In the short term,the government should introduce land transfer policies,publish information on land transfer,and provide incentives for village cooperatives or new business entities to transfer land and operate on a large scale,so as to improve the labour productivity of relocated households.In the long term,the government should continue to strengthen human and financial capital,focus on improving the literacy and technical knowledge of relocated farmers,and enrich the income sources and livelihood strategies of migrants.