A Study On The Impact Of Education Consumption On Residents' Subjective Well-being From The Perspective Of Equal Opportunity

Since the reform and opening up,China's economic construction achievements have attracted worldwide attention,with the rapid growth of the national economy and a significant increase in residents' income.However,with the improvement of living standards,the quality of life has gradually become the focus of social attention.As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,the pattern of economic development has shifted from scale and quantity to quality and efficiency.Under the background of the new era,China's economy has undergone new changes and is facing new challenges.To make the people live a happier and better life is not only the goal of the party and the country,but also the lifelong pursuit of everyone.Among them,education has always been regarded as an internal driving force for personal development,family prosperity and social progress,and an important force for promoting social class mobility and realizing social equity.However,in recent years,the contradiction between the inadequate and unbalanced development of education and people's needs for a better life has become increasingly prominent.It is worth noting that the core connotation of people's growing needs for a better life will pay more attention to the fairness of opportunities than to the fairness of results.Therefore,it will be of great significance to explore the influence of education consumption on happiness from the perspective of equality of opportunity.At the same time,based on the CGSS2015 data,this paper explores the improvement effect of education consumption on the level of opportunity inequality,affirms the value of individual efforts,and provides some reference for the realization of starting point equity,process equity and outcome equity.The research is divided into five parts:the first part,under the research background of socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era,puts forward the significance of this research,and respectively expounds the research object and main objectives,on this basis,points out the focus and difficulties of this research;The second part,the theory and related literature review.This part on the basis of the theory of carding on the related literature review,the high quality of economic development bring new challenges to the income distribution field,this part of the income distribution at the same time,the carding theory not only emphasizes the Roemer opportunity inequality in income distribution gap research theory,also elaborates the related concepts of education consumption,for the education consumption and residents' subjective well-being research provides the theoretical basis;The third part explains the status quo of opportunity inequality.Based on CGSS2015 data,the degree of opportunity inequality was calculated by constructing counterfactual income distribution.On the basis of heterogeneity analysis,the contribution rate of various environmental factors to opportunity inequality was analyzed by using Shapley value decomposition method.The fourth part,mainly explores the ordered Probit model education consumption influence on residents'subjective well-being,and verify the opportunity to adjust action of inequality,by using the methods of the Bootstrap has analysis the health human capital,social capital and the mediation effect of psychological capital,at the same time this part also choose a variety of methods to ensure the robustness.In addition,this part USES the PSM model to explore the impact of education consumption on opportunity inequality.The fifth part,according to the research conclusion,puts forward feasible Suggestions on improving opportunity inequality,ensuring the quantity and quality of education consumption,and improving residents' happiness.The main conclusions of the study include:(1)residents' income is significantly affected by individual characteristics,family background and regional factors,and it presents an inverted "U" shaped trend with the growth of age.Meanwhile,there is group heterogeneity in the impact of environmental factors on residents' income,and the problem of intergenerational transmission of income is more obvious in the male population.In addition,there is a serious inequality of opportunity in Chinese society,which accounts for one third of China's overall income gap.Further decomposed,it can be found that regional difference is the factor contributing the greatest degree to the overall opportunity inequality,accounting for nearly 40%of the explanation degree.(2)education consumption can significantly promote the improvement of residents'subjective well-being,and women's happiness is generally higher than men's,and rural residents are higher than urban residents.Equal opportunity also contributes to the improvement of residents' happiness,but there is no significant positive adjustment between education consumption and happiness.In terms of mechanism of action,healthy human capital,cognitive social capital and psychological capital all have mediating effect in promoting education consumption.(3)on the whole,the improvement of residents' education consumption level can effectively improve the level of social opportunity inequality by more than one third,and the improvement effect is of group heterogeneity.The improvement degree of rural residents' education consumption on opportunity inequality is greater than that of urban residents,and the female population is greater than that of male population.At the same time,the improvement of education consumption shows a decreasing trend.In contrast,the younger generation needs to do more to change the inequality of opportunity.