Research On The Arrangement Of Knowledge Essays In Junior High School Chinese Textbooks

The Chinese Curriculum Standard for Compulsory Education(2011Edition)puts forward in the basic concept of the curriculum: to improve students' Chinese literacy in an all-round way.The Chinese accomplishment of students cannot be separated from the accumulation of Chinese knowledge.The Chinese textbook for junior high school compiled by the Ministry of Education constructs the Chinese knowledge system from various angles.Combined with the current Chinese education,this paper will focus to the "knowledge essay" section.This paper focuses on the theme of " knowledge essays of junior high school Chinese textbooks compiled by the Ministry of Education".This article first combed the development of junior high school textbooks in our country by searching for materials and documents.On this basis,it further extended and analyzed the development of junior high school Chinese knowledge system and the evolution of knowledge essays.Before the founding of the People's Republic of China,at the beginning of the independence of Chinese subjects,text-based Chinese textbooks appeared,junior high school Chinese knowledge system gradually formed,and Chinese knowledge was written independently.After the founding of the People's Republic of China and before the reform and opening up,the Chinese teaching materials developed from text selection to unit teaching materials.The Chinese knowledge system in junior high schools fluctuated greatly.The Chinese knowledge essays were first compiled independently and then stagnated for various reasons.After the reform and opening up to the outside world,the Chinese teaching materials have kept pace with the times and the Chinese knowledge system in junior high schools has changed greatly.The content of Chinese knowledge essays has been stripped of writing knowledge and listening and speaking knowledge,and the form has changed from centralized to centralized and decentralized.From 2001 till now,thejunior high school Chinese teaching materials have developed into a unit structure in which humanistic themes and Chinese elements coexist.The junior high school Chinese knowledge system has undergone a process of dilution to reconstruction.The forms and contents of Chinese knowledge essays are diversified and appear in the teaching materials in scattered forms.Based on the systematic analysis of the development and evolution of junior high school Chinese textbooks and knowledge essays,this paper classifies the contents of knowledge essays and analyzes them in combination with the compiled junior high school Chinese textbooks.By sorting out the contents of the knowledge essays in the six-volume edition of junior high school Chinese textbooks,the knowledge essays are divided into three categories: pragmatic grammar knowledge essays,literary and cultural knowledge essays and rhetoric knowledge essays.On the premise of macroscopical sorting out the development and evolution of junior high school Chinese teaching materials and knowledge system,microscopically analyzing the types and contents of knowledge essays in junior high school Chinese teaching materials compiled by the Ministry of Education,this paper summarizes the editing characteristics of knowledge essays in junior high school Chinese teaching materials compiled by the Ministry of Education: Carry on the excellent Chinese culture and promote students' cultural sense of belonging;The difficulty of content arrangement spirals upward to construct students' knowledge system;Based on the actual use of language,the arrangement is flexible.On this basis,combined with the development law of junior high school students and the current situation of Chinese education,it is pointed out that the arrangement is insufficient:the distribution of the number of knowledge essays is unreasonable;Lack of knowledge of specific languages;Lack of corresponding exercises;Lack of relevant instructions.To sum up,this paper puts forward the following suggestions for arrangement: to scientifically and reasonably distribute knowledge essays in combination with students' development laws;According to thecurriculum standards,to meet the needs of other systems of teaching materials,to increase relevant Chinese knowledge;Optimize the path and increase practice through multiple channels;Take students as the main body and write instructions for use.