| Education is an important factor affecting the industrial structure and an important means to promote industrial upgrading.At present,the research on the impact of education on the industrial structure is mostly focused on higher education,and less on the perspective of basic education.Therefore,this paper uses the statistics of prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2016 to measure the quality of basic education with two indicators: the ratio of students to teachers in the secondary schools and the per capita education financial expenditure,and the comprehensive indicator H to measure the industrial height.The impact of education quality on the height of the industry was explored,and heterogeneity discussions were conducted from the perspectives of regional and population migration.Then,the statistical data at the prefecture-level city level from 2011 to2016 was matched with the data from the Mobile Population Dynamics Monitoring Survey(CMDS)to further analyze the impact of the quality of basic education on the flow of highly educated labor population from the micro-individual level.We have also explored the micro-mechanism of basic education by attracting highly educated workers and then promoting industrial upgrading.Finally,based on the promotion effect of basic education quality on the industry,relevant policy recommendations are proposed to improve the basic education level and promote industrial upgrading.The main research findings of this article are: First,measured by the two indicators of middle school student-teacher ratio and per capita education financial expenditure,the quality of basic education in China has shown a trend of continuous and steady improvement,but there are still obvious regional differences between eastern and central and western regions,and differences between inflows and outflows area.Meanwhile,the gap between eastern and central and western regions in per capita education expenditures has shown a significant trend of expansion.Second,this paper uses a fixed-effects model to analyze the impact of high school students-teacher ratio and per capita education financial expenditure on industry heights.The study found that reducing the student-teacher ratio and increasing the per capita education financial expenditure have a significant promotion effect on the industry heights,and the regression result of adding the student-teacher ratio and per capita education financial expenditure at the same time is still significant.The school student-teacher ratio in middle schools and per capita education financial expenditures are lagging behind by three and five periods,the regression results remain solid.Through group regression,it is found that increasing the per capita education fiscal expenditure has a significant positive effect on the industrial height of the eastern and central and western regions,the population inflow region and the population outflow region.And lowering the student-teacher ratio of middle school students is conducive to increasing the industrial height of the eastern region,the central and western regions,and the outflow regions.Third,by constructing a hybrid cross-section model,this paper studies the impact of basic education quality on the flow of highly educated people from a micro-individual perspective and explores the micro-mechanism of basic education quality by attracting highly educated workers,thereby improving regional human capital accumulation,and promoting industrial upgrading.The study found that the improvement of the quality of basic education can attract the influx of highly educated laborers with children aged0-12.The appeal of high-quality basic education is not significantly different for families with 0-6 years old and 7-12 years old,but it will increase with the improvement of the educational level of the head of the household.Therefore,the quality of basic education can improve the level of regional human capital and promote industrial upgrading by attracting influx of highly educated laborers with children aged 0-12. |
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