Investigation On Current Situation Of High School Students' Physical Model Construction Ability And Research On Cultivation Strategies

The ability of physical model construction is an important element of scientific thinking.It runs through the entire process of high school physics learning.Studying the current status of students' physical model construction ability is helpful to provide reference for the formulation and implementation of physical modeling teaching strategies.The author builds the physical modeling ability dimension based on foreign scientific modeling ability theory,and combines the existing domestic and foreign questionnaires to revise the high school physical modeling ability questionnaire of this study.The questionnaire has good reliability and validity,and its reliability coefficient is 0.814 The validity coefficient is 0.782.A questionnaire survey was conducted on a total of 228 students from a provincial key high school and a city key high school,and interviews were conducted with 25 of them to obtain the current state of high school student's physical model construction ability:(1)In general,the ability of high school students to construct physical models is weak,with an average score of only 53.61.(2)According to the level of the division of model construction in the high school physics curriculum standard,the analysis shows that: most students can not speak some physical models,they have not reached level 1,most students can choose and apply physical models to solve familiar physical situation problems,At level 2 and level 3,but cannot transform the objects and processes in actual problems or more complex actual problems into physical models,which have not reached level 4 and level 5.(3)Analyze from the dimensions of physical modeling: First,the student lacks knowledge about physical meta-modeling,and does not have a clear understanding of the meaning,nature,utility,and purpose of physical modeling.The second is the student's physical modeling practice ability.Weak,especially in the three aspects of physical model establishment,analysis and application.(4)Students do not form good habits in the study of physical models,and most students do not summarize and classify the physical models they have learned.(5)The difficulties that students have in the process of physical modeling are as follows: first,students cannot convert objects and processes in actual problems into physical models during the establishment of physical models;second,students cannot convert problem situations in the process of physical model analysis The known and unknown quantities are correctly analyzed in the established physical model;the third is that in the process of applying the physical model,students cannot correctly select relevant physical formulas and laws,and their ability to perform mathematical operations is weak.Based on the analysis of questionnaires and interviews,combined with the scientific modeling teaching theory and the characteristics of physics,this paper proposes teaching strategies to cultivate high school students 'physical model construction ability:(1)anifest physical modeling knowledge and improve students' physical meta-modeling knowledge Level;(2)strengthen the combination of experimental teaching and modeling process to improve the ability of students to build physical models;(3)attach importance to the solution of primitive physics problems,and improve students' physical modeling capabilities.Select three different types of physics concept lesson,physics law lesson and physics exercise lessonfor teaching case analysis.