| The mental model is an internal representation of the external world based on one ’s own life experience.It was proposed in 1943 and subsequently received extensive attention from scientific researchers.Now it has become a research hotspot in the field of educational research."Junior High School Biology Curriculum Standards(2011 Edition)"(referred to as "curriculum standard")proposes that in the junior high school biology learning,teachers should take basic facts,concepts and other related basic knowledge and applications of biology as teaching purposes.The junior high school biology course emphasizes "concept change" during the learning process.When students study biological concepts,they must generate individual mental models under specific circumstances.Therefore,"concept change" is essentially a change in the students’ mental models.Therefore,to study the construction of the mental model of students from the existing experience is conducive to teachers to understand students’ cognitive defects and learning difficulties,help students to transform individual mental models into scientific models,and also provide teachers with classroom teaching improvements Theoretical basis.However,the author found through literature research that the current research on mental models in the education field is mainly carried out in the chemistry discipline,while the mental models are rarely studied in the biology department.To this end,this topic starts with a mental model of knowledge points related to the junior middle school biology "Lifestyle of Green Flowering Plants",with a view to providing teachers with some guidance for optimizing the teaching of the chapter "Lifestyle of Green Flowering Plants" Facts.This research consists of four chapters: introduction,theoretical overview,research content and results,and research conclusions and prospects.The specific research process is: in the introduction part,it is mainly to sort out the research background and research design;in the theoretical review part,by referring to the literature,combining the previous research results on the characteristics,formation mechanism,common classification and influencing factors of the mental model Define the concept and discriminate the related concepts;in the research content and results part,it is mainly to carry out text research on the "Lifestyle of Green Flowering Plants",to explore the mental model and to practice the transformation of the mental model.In the text research section of "Lifestyle of Green Flowering Plants",combining the junior middle school biology curriculum standards,textbooks and the two-way schedule of final exams in Wen Jiang District to determine the scope of this research,and build a knowledge system of research content and involve important concepts Scientific model.In the exploration part of the mental model,first of all,the conceptual knowledge system,teaching objectives,and the cognitive characteristics of junior high school students are used to compile the exploration tool of the mental model.Through case studies and questionnaire surveys,students are explored in the "Lifestyle of Green Flowering Plants" The chapter deals with related mental models of knowledge and their causes,and then uses SPSS modeler 18.0 to further process the data to explore the correlations between mental models.In the transformation of the mental model,combined with the teaching materials and the results of the questionnaire survey,the teaching strategy of "modeling teaching" was selected for the teaching design and teaching practice of "Life style of Green Flowering Plants",and the pre-and post-test results were tested through SPSS 20.0 Processing and exploring the effect of "modeling teaching" on the transformation of mental models.Through research,the research conclusion of this thesis mainly includes theoretical part and practical part.Theoretical part:1.The internal representation of the external world formed by individual mental models based on their own experience is a dynamic development,which has functions of description,interpretation,judgment,application and prediction.2.The characteristics of the mental model are: incompleteness,volatility,concealment and functionality.3.The formation mechanism of the mental model is a dynamic development process,which mainly includes the processes of selection reduction,model establishment,model interpretation,model abolition or modification and reconstruction.4.Mental models are mostly characterized by cognitive order,expression form,subject,and correctness.The main classifications used in this paper are correctness as the standard,mainly including error models,myth models,scientific models Scientific model.5.The influencing factors of the mental model mainly include internal influencing factors and external influencing factors.Practice part:1.Through a case study,it was found that there are many mental models formed by junior high school students in the chapter of “Lifestyle of Green Flowering Plants”,a total of 39 related mental models.Then,based on the results of the questionnaire survey,7 mental models related to "photosynthesis",5 mental models related to "respiration",5 mental models related to "absorption",and 4 transpiration were finally concluded Mental models related to "effects",3 mental models related to "transportation effects",and 3 mental models related to "relationships among the five major effects"2.Use SPSS Modeler 18.0 to analyze the correlation between the mental models discovered in this research,and find that there is often a correlation between the mental models,that is,the mental models can affect each other,and the more mental models,the more the greater the impact.3.Using the concept map to carry out a structural analysis of the students ’mental models,it was found that some of the junior high school students’ cognitive structure about the "green flowering plant lifestyle" is relatively disordered.For the corresponding mental model,the degree of structure needs to be improved.Through teaching practice,it is found that the degree of structure of students has improved.4.Students are most influenced by teachers and teaching materials in the process of constructing mental models,followed by self-knowledge and daily experience of corresponding knowledge.5.The teaching strategy of "modeling teaching" helps the transformation of students’ mental models.This teaching strategy allows students to acquire new knowledge in the process of modeling,revise the mental models constructed by themselves,and continue to carry out Model reconstruction. |
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