Research On The Content Arrangement And Teaching Ideas Of "Application Problems" In Mathematics Textbooks For High-lever Graders In Primary School In China And Singapore

The 2011 "Full-time Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum Standards" emphasizes that mathematics courses focus on the development of students' application awareness and problem-solving abilities.At the same time,application problems are the focus of primary school mathematics teaching,which can not only help students understand and consolidate basic knowledge,but also train students the ability to integrate theory with practice.As the grade level goes up,especially in the upper part of elementary school,application problems become more and more complex,abstract and comprehensive.And it often become difficult for students to learn mathematics.Therefore,mathematics textbooks arrange the content of application problems and How teachers construct their own teaching ideas based on textbooks plays a vital role in the mathematics teaching of the upper elementary school.Singapore is currently one of the countries with a good development of mathematics education in the world.In particular,its focus on problem-solving skills and the use of mathematical modeling to assist teaching have become a major feature of Singapore's primary school mathematics education.The research on the content arrangement and teaching ideas of the "applied questions" of the high-level elementary school textbooks of the Chinese version of the textbook and the Chinese People's Education Version of the textbook can not only provide constructive suggestions for the compilation of Chinese textbooks,but also provide practical guidance for teachers' teaching.This research mainly uses text analysis and comparative research methods to quantitatively analyze the content of "applied questions" in the textbooks of the two countries by means of statistical charts,and then arrange and teach the content of "applied questions" based on the results of quantitative analysis.A qualitative analysis of ideas is carried out to find out the similarities and differences between the textbooks of the two countries,and based on this,put forward more practical and effective suggestions for the layout of textbooks and teacher teaching in our country.Specifically,this research is divided into five major sections.First,the researcher discusses the purpose,significance,and current research status of the research on the "applied problems" in the high-level mathematics textbooks for primary and secondary schools from multiple perspectives,and is a follow-up study.provide support.Second,it analyzes the advantages and characteristics of Singapore's MC edition textbooks and China's PEP edition textbooks on the whole,so as to provide the basis for the study to choose the two editions of textbooks,and construct a comparative framework based on this.Third,start from the external presentation method and internal text content of the "application problem".The external presentation form starts from the layout presentation and language expression,and the internal text content starts from the problem introduction method,problem type,and solution.Starting from the question steps and methods,a specific comparison of several different aspects was made,and the similarities and differences in the content layout of the textbooks of the two countries were found to provide a basis for follow-up research.Fourth,take the application questions of the "percentage" unit as a research case,and use the example questions and lesson examples for analysis and research.Starting from the "application questions" example exercises and teaching ideas,the types,quantities,and problems of the percentage application questions and exercises A comprehensive comparison is made in various aspects such as proportions,source of materials,and teaching ideas,and its impact on teacher teaching and student learning is analyzed.Fifth,through the previous analysis,it is found that the textbooks of the two countries pay attention to the students' physical and mental development rules as the premise when arranging the content of the “applied questions”,organize the content step by step,and pay attention to the combination of graphics and text to attract students' attention.The steps and methods for solving application problems are arranged in detail,which provides teachers with certain ideas for teaching,and at the same time provides a guiding role for students' learning;but the difficulty span of the Singapore MC version textbook is smaller and the spiral organization method is more In line with the students' cognitive development level,the most important thing is that the Singapore four-step problem-solving method and the method of building model diagrams are more intuitive and maneuverable.It is worth learning from our country.Based on this,we will try to compile Chinese textbooks and primary schools.Teachers use textbooks to make several suggestions to further promote primary school mathematics education to meet the development needs of the country and society.