Research On Chemistry Teaching Based On The History Of Science To Cultivate Students' Critical Thinking

Critical thinking as a high-order thinking ability,is also regarded as a kind of evaluation,comparison,analysis,exploration,and the ability of comprehensive information,cultivating citizen's critical thinking will help citizens in the face of the problems in the life work,a detailed analysis and thinking,no longer drift,rational make reasonable judgment.At present,in the core literacy proposed by various countries,critical thinking is also clearly taken as the core element.Therefore,how to improve students' critical thinking in teaching so as to achieve the development of their core literacy is also an urgent problem to be solved in the field of subject teaching.The history of science is an important material and carrier to cultivate students' critical thinking.This study explores how to develop students' critical thinking in chemistry teaching based on the history of science.This study first selected the students of two high schools in Jinan City,and made a preliminary investigation on the development status of critical thinking of high school students.Through the investigation,it was found that high school students had a certain degree of critical thinking and were at an intermediate level.Then,combining with the literature of critical thinking and teaching of history of science,this paper makes a theoretical and practical exploration on how to combine "history of science" in chemistry teaching to realize the development of students' critical thinking.This study analyzes the teaching value of cultivating critical thinking based on the history of science,and constructs the chemistry teaching model of cultivating critical thinking based on the history of science,and summarizes the following five basic links:collecting and sorting out the historical data of science;Asking questions that trigger critical thinking;Clear opinions and form critical thinking;Evaluate ideas and improve critical thinking;Review historical materials and develop critical thinking.And put forward the relevant teaching strategies,including the collation of historical data of science,the presentation of the development of scientific theory,the creation of critical thinking problems,dialectical discussion,etc.According to this teaching mode,the design teaching of "electrolyte ionization" in compulsory course 1 of Luke edition is carried out and the corresponding teaching practice is carried out.Then the author analyzed the improvement of critical thinking in middle school students by combining the California Critical Thinking Tendency Scale and interview method.The results show that the critical thinking of middle school students is still relatively weak,so it is necessary to carry out the relevant teaching research of critical thinking.The teaching mode of cultivating critical thinking based on the history of science can effectively promote the improvement of students' critical thinking,especially in the three dimensions of truth seeking,open mind and analytical reasoning,which are significantly improved,and there are significant differences in the dimension of analytical reasoning.Through the interview,students can realize that the formation of scientific theories is a process of constant criticism and development,and understand and experience the spirit of scientists who dare to question and explore the truth.