| When it comes to the War of Resistance against Japan,it was the first complete victory national liberation war against the invasion of foreign enemies in modern China.In terms of the people in our country,a solid foundation was laid for our country to achieve the complete national independence and people’s liberation after the victory.While for the people all over the world,the War of Resistance against Japan is the main battlefield of the East against fascist war,which has done much favor for the victory of the world against fascist war and the maintenance of world peace.Since the end of the War of Resistance against Japan,it has experienced the development for seventy-five years.However,what Japan has always emphasized after the war is their experience of victimization,which has tried to get rid of the responsibility of inflicting damage.This violates the fact that Japan is the initiator of the war,which also generates great deviation with the war memory that China is the victim.Meanwhile,the problem of historical fact has hindered the connection between China and Japan.In the face of it,December 13 was set as the "national public sacrifice day" by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress in 2014.Furthermore,the Ministry of Education decided to restore the whole process of the War of Resistance against Japan by adopting the concept of "14 years of the War of Resistance against Japan" in 2017,so as to carry forward its great spirit.History education plays an important role in transmitting and constructing the collective memory of a nation.Middle school history is the main position of history education for the War of Resistance against Japan,so it is necessary to research how to apply the profound connotation of the evolving War of Resistance against Japan and how to help the new generation growing up in the era with the theme of "peace and development" to construct and memorize the history of the War of Resistance against Japan.By virtue of its grand historical narration,abundant historical facts and profound ideological connotations,the history of the War of Resistance against Japan still occupies an important position in the history teaching of middle schools,which has significant meaning to help the young generation recall the collective memory.The value orientation of the history teaching of the War of Resistance against Japan in middle school will be clarified under the perspective of traumatic memory,which will also carry out the exploration on the relationship between the memory of the War of Resistance against Japan and the psychological shaping of national culture,as well as reveal the traumatic memory’s impact on the national mentality.Based on this,theoretical basis can be provided for teachers to make the construction of national mentality.In this research,it mainly covers four parts.Firstly,the research results of trauma theory,collective memory-related research,the memory research of the history of the War of Resistance against Japan and the history teaching of this war are reviewed and summarized,so the theoretical foundation is laid for writing this thesis.Secondly,it pays attention to the elaboration on the significance of the concept of "14 years of the War of Resistance against Japan" proposed,as well as the selection and writing changes of the history of the War of Resistance against Japan in the textbook,so as to get clear of its value orientation.Thirdly,it mainly focuses on the three identities of the victim in war memory,the heroes against war and the aggressor to carry out the analysis on the manifestation of the trauma memory of China as the victim and the hero memory in the teaching case,the moderate shelter on the Nanjing Massacre and other violent trauma events,the spirit embodiment of the Chinese entire nation in the War of Resistance against Japan,the value affirmation of China as the victory country,as well as the war fact denial by the Japanese side after the war,and "the reality injury" caused to the people in the injured country.Fourthly,the important influence on the construction of traumatic memory by the selection of history curriculum,international environment,social public culture,inter-generational inheritance of traumatic memory and so on according to the interpretation of textbooks and teaching cases.Besides,the connection between history textbooks and the shaping of citizens’ collective memory is analyzed,so a new teaching path is provided for the history teaching of the War of Resistance against Japan.Thus,the foundation is laid for shaping the new generation’s sense of historical responsibility and mission based on the grasp of the historical facts of the War of Resistance against Japan by students,so that they can remember the history,remember the past,cherish the peace and create the future when looking back at the War of Resistance against Japan. |
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