A Comparative Study Of The Sino-Japanese High School History Textbooks On The Sino-Japanese War Of 1894-1895, Japan-Russia And The War Of Resistance Against Japan

Since ancient times,Japan and China are close neighbors separated only by a strip of water.And the two countries are inextricably linked with each other.However,in modern times,wars between the two countries were frequent and disputes have continued,seriously affecting the process of peaceful development in East Asia.These wars are not only regional conflicts,but also the collision of two civilizations.And they are also the struggles of the two nations over the dominant power of the region.China and Japan are marching forward in the contradictions between the two sides.Therefore,the modern wars between China and Japan inevitably become the focus of attention and research of the historical educators of the two countries.Since the mid-1980s,history education in Japan,especially the description of wars of modern times in its history textbooks,has become one of the major historical issues affecting the normal development of Sino-Japanese relations.The wars between China and Japan occupy an important position in the history of the two countries.In particular,the three wars of the Sino-Japanese War,Russo-Japanese war and the war of aggression against China have had a great impact on the historical development of the two countries.Historical textbooks,as the most common and direct teaching resources in all kinds of teaching resources,are' the main medium for teachers' teaching and students'learning.They play an irreplaceable role in the physical and mental growth of young people and the cultivation of the world's citizens.In view of this,it is necessary to understand the similarities and differences in the presentation of war and the concept of history conveyed in the history textbooks of two countries from the micro perspective.This paper selects high school history textbooks that have great influence on two countries.Then it compares the basic overview of the two countries' history textbooks,the content of the Sino-Japanese War,Russo-Japanese war and the War of Resistance Against Japan,and the text auxiliary system.Finally it makes a systematic summary.Based on previous studies,the three wars presented in high school history textbooks of the two countries have been discussed from a new and comprehensive perspective in order to provide suggestions for the compilation of our current high school history textbooks.The thesis is composed of five parts.The first partintroduces the reasons,research status and innovation points of this paper;the second part introduces the basic overview of the high school history textbooks of the two countries;the third part compares and analyzes the specific contents of the three wars between China and Japan which were presented in the five versions in the history textbooks of two countries.The Mukden Incident,the Marco Polo Bridge Incident and the Nanjing Massacre are taken as examples.The paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the two versions of two countries in details.The fourth part is the comparison of the text auxiliary systems of the Sino-Japanese War,the Russo-Japanese War,and the War of Resistance Against Japan.The design of textbook catalog,illustration and annotation as well as after-school exercises are the aspects of comparison.The fifth part presents the similarities and differences between the three wars of the high school history textbooks-the Sino-Japanese War,the Russo-Japanese War,and the War of Resistance against Japan and the conception of history in Japanese history textbooks as well as the reflection of textbook compilation.Through comparative research,the author finds that there are certain differences in the presentation of the specific contents of the three wars in the high school history textbooks of China and Japan.And these differences are largely due to differences in conceptions of history and war between the two countries.In terms of structure of textbooks,Japanese high school history textbooks are worthy of learning for Chinese in terms of layout design,content selection,student status,and teaching standpoints.For a long time,the attitude of Japanese towards the war has become the historical crux of the bilateral exchanges between China and Japan.By studying the history of modern wars in both countries,the author hopes that the study would not only provide some references for high school history teaching,but also help cultivate high sense of historical responsibility and mission among students.