A Comparative Study On The Textbooks Structure And Content Design Of Chinese And American New High School Chemistry Textbooks

In 2013,the Ministry of Education launched the curriculum revision plan for ordinary high schools.In 2017,the Ministry of Education officially promulgated the new Chemistry Curriculum Standards for Ordinary High Schools.In 2019,the new chemistry textbooks for senior high schools compiled on the basis of this curriculum standard began to be used nationwide.In this paper,the literature research method,comparative research method and case study method are mainly adopted to compare the structure and content design of the required high school Chemistry textbook of China People's Education Press(hereinafter referred to as PEP)and the American Chemistry textbook Essential Chemistry,and to analyze the similarities and differences between the two high school Chemistry textbooks.Through comparative analysis,the following conclusions are drawn:Through the analysis of the structure of the two textbooks,it can be concluded that the layout system of PEP chemistry textbooks can better meet the requirements of high school students to choose high school subjects in terms of surface structure and reflect the hierarchical nature of the textbooks.Essential Chemistry,however,is arranged in an orderly way and its overall logic is natural and harmonious.It interspersed a lot of knowledge about physical Chemistry,biochemistry and information Chemistry,from natural society to disciplinary knowledge and then to cosmic science knowledge,and its perspective is gradually deepened from macro to micro.In terms of column design,PEP required Chemistry textbooks pay more attention to the connection between Chemistry and occupation,while Essential Chemistry pays more attention to the solution of chemical problems and the connection between Chemistry and social hot topics in life.In terms of deep structure,Essential Chemistry has greater depth and breadth of knowledge.The compulsory chemistry textbooks of PEP take the basic task of cultivating people by virtue,the development of quality-oriented education,the promotion of scientific spirit,and the promotion of students' core quality of chemistry as the important carrier.The Essential Chemistry teaching material in each page set up an idea to help students to focus on the chemical content,outline of the paragraph to help students grasp the central idea of each paragraph and use the visual language to express the real content and tens of thousands of chemical teaching graphics support independent learning,teaching students to use the teaching material with the model of problem solving,Help students become problem solvers by solving hundreds of problems.Through the comparative analysis of the content presentation modes of the two Chemistry textbooks,it is concluded that the compilation of Essential Chemistry textbook and PEP compulsory high school Chemistry textbook both pay attention to the creation of learning scenarios,while PEP high school Chemistry textbook pays more attention to the creation of problem scenarios,and less to the creation of experiential and experimental scenarios.The textbook Essential Chemistry in the United States pays more attention to the creation of experiential and factual situations,and does not involve too much in the creation of experimental situations.In terms of illustration design,the textbook Essential Chemistry is slightly more than the PEP edition Chemistry textbook in total amount,and the illustration forms are similar.Most of the illustrations in PEP chemistry textbooks are actual pictures taken by professional photographers.In terms of the design of scientific inquiry activities,there are various columns of inquiry activities in PEP Chemistry textbooks,while there are few columns of inquiry activities in Essential Chemistry textbooks.The PEP chemistry textbooks pay more attention to the research and analysis of the exploration activities related to the basic knowledge and basic principles.The American version focuses more on the application of knowledge.In terms of the selection of inquiry activity types,PEP Chemistry textbooks mainly focus on experimental inquiry activities,while Essential Chemistry textbooks mainly focus on investigation inquiry activities.Through a comparative analysis of the content of "Redox reaction" in the two editions of Chemistry textbooks,it is concluded that the PEP edition Chemistry textbooks pay more attention to the role of the column of historical science,while Essential Chemistry pays more attention to the setting of procedural knowledge,the understanding and integration of concepts,and the connection between Chemistry and hot social topics.Finally,through the comparison and analysis of the conclusions,the following suggestions are put forward for the further optimization and reform of PEP chemistry textbooks: the content of textbooks should strengthen the interpenetration among disciplines;Increase procedural knowledge,pay attention to the combination of conceptual knowledge and procedural knowledge;Increase the social knowledge of daily life and social life,reflect the life of the textbook.