Research On STEM Teaching Practice For Cultivating Primary School Students' Problem-solving Ability

With the rapid development of modern science and technology and the deepening of curriculum reform,the development of STEM education is becoming more and more global.More and more countries develop students' advanced abilities through STEM education.As the core skill of school education in the 21 st century,problem solving ability is also an important indicator of talent cultivation in China.As a project learning,problem-solving oriented course organization,STEM education is in line with the cultivation of problem-solving ability.This paper mainly carries out research from the following three aspects: constructing the STEM teaching model to cultivate the problem-solving ability according to the STEM teaching model and the problemsolving process;Based on this teaching model,STEM teaching cases are designed and developed to cultivate problem-solving ability.Through teaching practice,the teaching model constructed is applied to obtain relevant teaching implementation suggestions.First of all,through the study of a large number of literature,the problem solving ability,the problem solving process status quo and the research status of STEM education are sorted out and summarized.Secondly,based on the analysis of the fit between STEM teaching and problem solving ability,according to the 5E teaching mode,engineering design process and problem solving process,a STEM teaching mode is constructed to cultivate students' problem solving ability.On the basis of the theory of constructivism,with knowledge and skills,process and methods,emotional attitude values of the three dimensional goal as guidance,teaching program combines the 5 e science inquiry teaching mode,the engineering design process and problem-solving process is divided into understanding and discovery,analysis and exploration,design and construction,testing and improvement,communication and summarizes the five stages.The performance evaluation,including the evaluation of problem solving process and the evaluation of problem solving result,which is more suitable for STEM education,is adopted to comprehensively evaluate students' problem solving ability by combining the problem solving scale.This teaching model pays more attention to the design of problem task,the design of teaching scaffold and the design of cooperative strategy.Then,the author selected "Empty Plane" and "Vacuum Cleaner" to carry out teaching practice in Y Primary School in Nanjing,and took "Empty Plane" theme teaching as an example to present the process of teaching design and practice.Finally,the qualitative and quantitative data collected were analyzed through questionnaire survey,classroom observation,interview and other methods,and the effectiveness of the STEM teaching model was discussed.At the end of this research,based on the design and practice of the STEM teaching mode of cultivating problem solving ability,relevant strategies and suggestions for the application of this teaching mode are put forward.Teachers should set up effective "problem",design problem solving activities according to a system approach,pay close attention to students' metacognition and strengthen cooperation in solving problems.It is expected that the STEM teaching model based on cultivating problem solving ability can be further improved in the future research.