Research On Enterprise Green Technology Innovation Driven By R&D Cooperation And Its Employment Effect

At present,China is actively exploring a sustainable development path integrating economy,ecology and people's livelihood.As the primary driving force of sustainable development,green technology innovation is considered to contribute to the win-win situation of economy and environment.However,green technology innovation in China is difficult to meet the actual needs,especially the lack of innovation activities and achievements transformation.From 2014 to 2017,China's green invention patent applications accounted for only 6.2% of the total invention patent applications.Therefore,the 14 th Five Year Plan and the 2035 long-term goal statement for China's national economic and social development clearly put forward the necessity of tackling key problems in green technology innovation.The government has promoted the in-depth integration and cooperation of enterprises,universities,research institutions,financial institutions and intermediaries,etc.to promote green technology innovation and gradually build a market-oriented green technology innovation system.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the impact of cooperation,as the main channel of knowledge sharing and risk sharing,on green technology innovation.Focusing on the government's encouragement of green technology innovation,this paper studies the development of green technology innovation according to the context of R?D cooperation,firms' green technology innovation,performance consequences.First,by constructing the unbalanced panel data of Chinese National Innovation Survey from 2011 to2015 and using the fixed effect model regression,it is found that different R?D cooperation modes such as vertical cooperation,horizontal cooperation and mixed cooperation have a positive impact on the green technology innovation,and mixed cooperation had promoted green technology innovation more dramatically.The extent of such impacts may vary depending on the heterogeneity of the characteristic of enterprises.The positive impact of cooperation on green technology innovation is more obvious in high energy-consuming enterprises,while the positive impact is weakened in those firms with heavy pollution and in the areas with high degree of intellectual property protection.This paper also verified that knowledge spillovers from cooperative partners have played a mediating role between cooperation and green technology innovation.Finally,considering the economic consequences of green technology innovation may also affect the incentives for green technology innovation,this paper discusses the employment effect of green technology innovation.This paper further verify that the organizational innovation and upgrading of employee skill structure brought by green technology innovation play an intermediary role between green technology innovation and employment.The empirical results show that there is a significant positive correlation between green technology innovation and labor demand.Therefore,the results of this paper show that diversified cooperative activities have potential benefits to the green technology innovation.Moreover,green technology innovation brought by the government under the background of promoting cooperative innovation will not increase the pressure of stable employment.The innovation policy about supporting enterprises to invest in green technology is a reasonable policy choice to integrate the sustainable development of economy,ecology and people's livelihood.