Research On Innovative Test Propositions Of High School Biology Based On College Entrance Examination Evaluation System

The evaluation system of Chinese college entrance examination issued in 2020 is used to guide the reform of college entrance examination content and the evaluation system of propositional work.It puts forward the "one core,four layers and four wings ",answers the the question of " why,what and how to take the examination ",Among which,"innovation" is an important dimension in the examination requirements of "four wings".Innovative test questions usually require students to think actively and innovate boldly in novel or unfamiliar test situations,which is a powerful tool to examine students' innovative thinking and core values.However,in the field of biology,there is still a lack of research on the creation of innovative test questions,and how to make innovative questions needs to be solved urgently.In order to solve this problem,this study analyzes the evaluation system of college entrance examination and the relevant literature of innovative test questions,understands the research situation in this field in China,and defines the connotation of innovative test questions,thus constructs the classification index of high school biology innovative test questions.the innovation of the test questions is divided into two dimensions: thinking innovation and situational innovation,in which thinking innovation includes divergent thinking,reverse thinking and critical thinking.Situational innovation includes background material innovation,presentation form innovation and questioning mode innovation.Then,the characteristics of various types of innovative test questions are analyzed by selecting the innovative test questions in Beijing and Tianjin College Entrance Examination in recent five years(2016-2020)as the main analysis objects.Secondly,discuss the basis,basic principles and general path of the innovative test questions,and put forward the propositional strategy of the innovative test questions based on the summary of the characteristics of the test questions,so as to make six innovative high school biology test questions with both thinking innovation and situation innovation.Finally,the content validity of the test questions is evaluated qualitatively through expert consultation and interview,so that it can be modified,improved and field tested,and then analyzed by using the Rasch model based on the test results,so as to test the quality of the test questions and the effectiveness of the propositional strategy.Through the practice,the propositional strategy of high school biology innovative test questions is obtained.First,the aspects of thinking innovation include :(1)Design question answers or the solution thought open,and can be asked from the perspective of practical application,suggestions or phenomena,inquiry process,etc;(2)Design reverse derivation in reverse order of development of things;(3)Design the negative thinking according to the logical opposition relationship of things;(4)Design a rigorous debate on the idea or hypothesis of the problem stem;(5)Design the reflection or evaluation of the research process or results;(6)Design analysis of evidence and conclusion matching.On the other hand,on the situation innovation,including :(1)Focus on the scientific frontier or social significance of background materials;(2)Carry on the diversified processing of material information;(3)Carry on the integration recombination or the innovation of the examination question type;(4)Design presents the exploration process step by step;(5)Design permeate STS education concept in test questions.