Analysis Of The Current Situation And Influencing Factors Of Health Literacy Of College Students In Henan Province

ObjectiveThrough a questionnaire survey on the health literacy status of college students,we can understand the health literacy level and distribution characteristics of college students,analyze the influencing factors of health literacy differences,find out the weak parts of college students' health literacy,and study how to improve personal health in the Internet information environment.The countermeasures of literacy provide reference for strengthening health education and health promotion,and improving students' health literacy level.MethodThis study selected college students from three general colleges and universities in Henan Province to conduct a questionnaire survey from October to December 2021.With reference to the "National Residents' Health Literacy Questionnaire" compiled by the China Health Education Center,the questionnaires were appropriately conducted in the demographic characteristics section.Modification,using a combination of paper questionnaires and online questionnaires to conduct the survey.Statistical analysis was carried out on the data through SPSS statistical software,and descriptive analysis was carried out on the total score of health literacy of college students in the health literacy questionnaire,whether they had health literacy,and socio-demographic characteristics.Demographic characteristics were compared by chi-square test,and the influencing factors of college students' health literacy level were analyzed by logistic regression to study the relationship between variables.ResultsA total of 3245 paper and electronic questionnaires were recovered in this survey,183 invalid questionnaires were excluded,and 3062 valid questionnaires were finally obtained,with an effective recovery rate of 94.4%.The overall achievement rate of health literacy was 45.2%;among the three aspects of health literacy,the achievement rates of basic knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyle and behavior,and basic skills literacy were 53.2%,46.6%,and 36.8%,respectively.Among the six types of health literacy,the literacy rates of scientific outlook on health,infectious disease prevention,chronic disease prevention,safety and first aid,basic medical care and health information literacy were 64.0%,38.6%,54.4%,62.2%,22.3% and 35.9% respectively.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the health literacy levels of college students in different grades,major categories,parental education levels and places of origin(P<0.05).The third and fourth year students are higher than the first and second year students,the medical students are higher than the liberal arts and science students,the higher the education level of the parents,the higher the level of health literacy,and the urban students are higher than the rural students.The results of multivariate analysis showed that grades,major categories and parents' educational level were the factors affecting the health literacy level of college students(P< 0.05).The third and fourth year students,medical students,students whose father's education level is junior high school and college/undergraduate degree or above,and students whose mother's education level is high school/vocational high school/secondary school and college/undergraduate education level are higher in health literacy.The three aspects of health literacy levels and the six types of health problem literacy levels in different demographic characteristics are basically consistent with the distribution of health literacy levels.ConclusionThe health literacy level of college students is higher than the national residents' health literacy level,but the overall health literacy level needs to be further improved.The distribution of health literacy levels in the three aspects is uneven,with the lowest rate of basic skills literacy;there are differences in the literacy levels of the six types of health problems,and the rates of basic medical literacy and health information literacy are low.Grades,majors,and parents' educational level are the main factors that affect the health literacy level of college students.Improving the health literacy level of college students can start from strengthening the health education work in schools,the joint efforts of the state and government departments,attaching importance to the role of family education,using network media to carry out health education,and giving full play to the subjective initiative of college students.