Application Research On Cultivating Senior High School Students' Scientific Inquiry Ability In Teaching Biology Experiments

Scientific inquiry is an important part of the core literacy of scientific disciplines and complements scientific learning.Experimental teaching is an effective strategy to cultivate scientific inquiry.In order to clarify the current situation and problems underlying scientific inquiry,to identify effective strategies for cultivating students' ability on scientific research and methods for evaluating students' scientific inquiry ability in experimental teaching,we carried out this study based on "General High School Biology"-Curriculum Standards(2017 Edition,2020 Revision)via literature research,questionnaires and educational experiments.The scientific inquiry ability is analyzed and understood from the perspective of sub-ability,and a questionnaire survey on the current situation of scientific inquiry ability cultivation is compiled on this basis.The results showed that most of the students' scientific inquiry ability was at the lower-middle level.In the six dimensions of observation and discovery,conjecture and hypothesis design plan,implementation plan,analysis result,and expression and communication,the development of expression and communication is relatively good.Among the secondary indicators of scientific inquiry ability,five abilities of raising scientific questions,providing scientific basis for conjectures,designing data collection models,analyzing and reasoning data internal trends,and using mathematical relationships to explain variable relationships are significantly lower.Aiming at the current situation of the cultivation of scientific inquiry,different methods in teaching experiments are used as independent variables to carry out educational experiments.Taking Class 14 and Class 15 in a middle school in Anqing city as the experimental and control group,respectively,the post-test results showed that scores in experimental class is higher than those of the control group in both scientific inquiry ability and PISA scientific test.class.The results showed that both exploratory experimental teaching and verification experimental teaching can cultivate students' scientific inquiry ability,but exploratory experimental teaching is more effective.Suggestions on the application of problem teaching method,graphic organizer and project teaching method in experimental teaching are put forward,and the organization method of exploratory experimental teaching is proposed.In the evaluation link,try to design evaluation criteria,and on this basis,analyze the effectiveness of the four evaluation methods.Results showed that structured worksheets and guided worksheets can replace on-site observation to evaluate students' scientific inquiry ability.When students' development level is high,structured worksheets should be used first.The paper-and-pencil test can replace on-site observation only when the subjects are only boys or when the subjects have a high level of biological achievement.The current study has demonstrated the composition and evaluation metrics of scientific inquiry ability and proposed that inquiry-based experimental teaching should be a priority.Using structured worksheets to evaluate scientific inquiry ability is highly recommended,and can provide critical insight in experimental teaching.