A Study On Human Biology Of Dong In China

The Dong nationality is one of the ethnic minorities with a large population in China.Currently,China’s Dong population is 3.495 million,distributed throughout the country,mainly in Hunan,Guizhou,Guangxi,and Hubei provinces(regions),with Hunan and Guizhou being the most widely distributed,accounting for 69.84% of the total Dong population.The Dong ethnic group originated from a branch of the ancient Baiyue.Before the Pre Qin Dynasty,the ancestors of the Dong ethnic group were known as the “Qianshou”,and after the founding of New China,they were called the Dong ethnic group.In order to study the physical characteristics of the Dong ethnic group in China,the research team went to Xinhuang Dong Autonomous County,Huaihua City,Hunan Province in October 2020,and to Sanbao Dong Village,Rongjiang County,Guizhou Province in late October 2021.1585 adult Dong people(including 580 males and 1005 females)were measured and investigated for multiple physical and observational indicators.Process data using SPSS,Excel,etc.The results are as follows:(1)The eyebrows of the Dong ethnic group are sparse,and the eyebrow arches are not significant.The occurrence rates of upper eyelid folds,triangular earlobes,horizontal eye fissure inclination,straight nasal dorsal view,upturned nasal base,transverse or inclined nasal aperture,thin lips,straight chin types are relatively high.The height of eye fissures and nasal roots is moderate,and the occurrence rate of Mongolian folds is relatively low.Male forehead hairline is mostly pointed,while female forehead is mostly non pointed.(2)Both males and females of the Dong ethnic group belong to the short stature,wide chest,wide pelvis,and mid leg types.Men are most likely to belong to the long trunk and middle shoulder types,while women are more likely to belong to the middle trunk and narrow shoulder types.(3)Overall,the circumference of Dong males is greater than that of females,while the thickness of skin folds is smaller than that of females.There is a negative correlation between age and hip circumference,thigh circumference,calf circumference,and subscapular fold in Dong male;The waist circumference of women gradually increases,while the thigh circumference and calf circumference gradually decrease.Compared with other ethnic groups,the adult circumference and skin fold thickness development levels of the Dong ethnic group are relatively similar to those of the southern ethnic group.(4)The male of Dong nationality has an endoderm mesoderm balanced body type(5.0-5.2-1.5);The female is an endoderm type with mesoderm(6.4-5.2-0.9).Compared to women,men have smaller intrinsic factor values,the same median factor values,and larger extrinsic factors,indicating that women have higher relative obesity and lower body linearity.(5)Among the 15 ethnic groups,adult males and females of the Dong ethnic group have a relatively high level of subcutaneous fat development,relative obesity,moderate bone and muscle development,and moderate body linearity.Overall,the adult body shape of the Dong ethnic group has the characteristics of the South Asian type,which is more similar to the southern ethnic groups.(6)The development levels of weight,height,and muscle mass of Dong men in Guizhou are higher than those of women,while body fat rate and BMI are lower than those of women.The trunk fat rate of adult Dong ethnic group in Guizhou is positively correlated with age,while muscle mass and limb circumference are negatively correlated with age.Waist circumference is positively correlated with visceral fat rate and trunk fat rate,while limb circumference is negatively correlated with muscle mass.(7)Among the head and face genetic indicators of the Dong nationality,the appearance rate of upper eyelid fold(91.8%),no Epicanthic fold(81.6%),non convex nose back(96.6%),narrow nostril(50.7%),non convex chin(91.9%),no earlobe(69.1%),non pointed forehead hairline(61.3%),and straight hair(96.3%)was the highest.The occurrence rate of upper eyelid fold,Epicanthic fold fold,wide nostril and no earlobe in women of Dong nationality is higher than that in men,while the occurrence rate of convex nasal profile and pointed forehead hairline is lower than that in men.(8)Compare the Dong ethnic group in Hunan with the Dong ethnic group in Guizhou.From head to face measurements,the Dong ethnic group in Hunan has a longer head,wider face,longer nose,narrower nose,narrower mouth,and shorter and narrower ears.According to the average body weight,the Dong ethnic group in Hunan is heavier,with higher height,sitting height,and front trunk height,longer feet and hands,and narrower shoulders.From the indicators of circumference and skin fold thickness,the development level of subcutaneous fat in the waist of the Dong ethnic group in Hunan is better than that of the Dong ethnic group in Guizhou,while the development level of subcutaneous fat in the upper limbs and lower legs is lower than that of the Dong ethnic group in Guizhou.The mean internal factors of adult Dong people in Hunan are greater than those in Guizhou,while the mean internal and external factors are smaller than those in Guizhou.Based on the data of head and face,body,skin fold thickness,and circumference,there is no significant difference between the two Dong ethnic groups in terms of head and face.The Dong ethnic group in Hunan is relatively obese and has a higher level of subcutaneous fat development,while the Dong ethnic group in Guizhou has a higher level of bone and muscle development.(9)The Dong ethnic group is different from other ethnic groups.Compared with the northern ethnic group,the Dong ethnic group has a smaller body height,narrower face,higher nose,and wider mouth.Compared with the Yao,Zhuang,and Buyi ethnic groups,the facial and body indicators of the Dong ethnic group are similar.Compared with the Bai,Hani,and Naxi ethnic groups,the head is shorter and the face is narrower.The physical constitution of the Dong ethnic group has South Asian characteristics,which are more similar to the southern ethnic group.In general,the anthropometry characteristics and genetic characteristics of the Dong nationality are more similar to those of the Zhuang and Dong ethnic groups,the Miao and Yao ethnic groups,and their physique has the characteristics of South Asia.