Spatio-temporal Characteristics Of Carbon Emissions And Carbon Decoupling In Hainan Tourism Industry

Climate warming is one of the most serious environmental problems faced by the whole world so far.The rise of temperature seriously threatens the sustainable development of global economy and society and the long-term survival of mankind.In September 2020,General Secretary Xi Jinping made a solemn pledge to the world to strive to reach peak carbon by 2030 and achieve the“Dual carbon”strategic goal of carbon neutrality by 2060.Since then,our country has taken the road of low carbon development.Taking various measures to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of tourism industry structure,promote carbon emission reduction and realize low-carbon development of tourism is not only the inevitable choice for China to respond to global warming,but also the only way for China’s high-quality tourism development driven by the strategic goal of "double carbon".Tourism has been identified by the central government as the first of the three pillar industries in the development of Hainan free trade Port.With the rapid recovery and sustained growth of Hainan’s tourism industry,energy consumption and carbon emissions show an accelerated growth trend,which makes the low-carbon development of Hainan’s tourism industry and the realization of the "dual carbon" goal as scheduled facing great challenges.This paper adopts the "top-down" method to calculate carbon emissions from energy consumption and tourism in Hainan Province from2000 to 2019.The Tapio decoupling model was adopted to study the decoupling situation between tourism carbon emissions and tourism economic growth in Hainan Province and analyze its evolution characteristics.At the same time,the spatial characteristics of the total carbon emission and carbon emission intensity of tourism in Hainan Province were analyzed,and the following conclusions were drawn:From 2000 to 2019,the total carbon emissions from energy consumption in Hainan Province increased from 6,950,500 tons to 41.419,400 tons,and the carbon emissions from tourism increased from 796,800 tons to 2,953,200 tons,both of which showed an increasing trend.The proportion of tourism carbon emission in the total carbon emission of the province went through two stages.The first phase is the period of low emissions and high growth(2000-2010),and the second phase is the period of high emissions and low growth(2011-2019).From 2000 to 2019,there have been 13 decoupling states,5 negative decoupling states and 1 connecting state between tourism carbon emissions and tourism economic status in Hainan Province.From 2000 to 2009,there was no significant change between tourism carbon emissions and tourism economic status in Hainan Province in three states: weak decoupling,negative decoupling and growth linkage.Since 2010,tourism carbon emission and tourism economy in Hainan Province have been in a state of comprehensive decoupling,mainly weak decoupling.The cities and counties in Hainan Province are divided into five regions according to geographical location: east,south,west,north and middle.Three years,2010,2015 and 2019,were selected as time nodes to analyze the spatial characteristics of tourism energy consumption carbon emissions and tourism carbon emission intensity.In terms of total carbon emissions,the carbon emissions from tourism in the northern region was 3.8030 million tons in 2010,ranking first in the province,followed by the southern region.After 2015,the emission center shifted southwards,and the southern region had the highest total carbon emission of 5.540,200 tons,followed by the northern region.In2019,the top two tourism carbon emissions were still in the south and the north,accounting for 87.3% of the province’s total tourism carbon emissions.From the perspective of carbon emission intensity,carbon emission intensity in each region presents a downward trend,but there are spatial differences.In 2010,the per capita carbon emission intensity in the northern region was 0.37 tons per person,which was the highest in the province.The per capita carbon emission intensity in the southern region was0.18 tons per person.In 2015,the carbon intensity of the northern region decreased,ranking the second place,while the carbon intensity of the southern region jumped to the first place with 0.21 tons per capita.In 2019,Hainan’s per capita carbon emissions from tourism were0.07 tons per person,with only the southern region having higher carbon emissions than average.Compared with 2010,per capita carbon emissions from tourism in Hainan decreased by 0.07 tons per person.On the whole,marginal carbon emissions of Hainan’s tourism industry continue to decline and ecological efficiency continues to improve.However,there is weak decoupling between tourism carbon emissions and tourism economic growth in Hainan Province,and the development level of low-carbon economy still needs to be improved.Based on the research conclusion,this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.