The Study On The Evolution,conservation And Renewal Of Public Space Of Traditional Villages In Mentougou District From The Perspective Of Transportation Changes

The medium and long term plan of Beijing for promoting the construction of the National Cultural Center(2019-2035)proposes to promote the "overall protection and utilization of traditional villages",and the Beijing urban master plan(2016-2035)proposes to strengthen the "protection,inheritance and rational utilization of famous towns,villages and traditional villages".As an area with the largest number of traditional villages,dense distribution and profound historical and cultural accumulation in Beijing,Mentougou District has the significance of leading and practical exploration in promoting heritage protection,driving village activation and strengthening comprehensive management.According to Mentougou zoning plan(land and space planning)(2017-2035),the overall protection pattern of traffic series heritage elements should be constructed.The development of traditional villages is carried out in a long historical process,as is Mentougou District.In particular,the changes of traffic corridors represented by waterways,ancient roads,railways and highways have a vital impact on the formation and evolution of villages along the way.The public space of traditional villages is the key connecting space for the connection and coupling between villages and the outside world.It carries the public affairs and daily life of villagers,and can best reflect the village region and folk culture.Therefore,studying the traditional village public space from the perspective of traffic change can not only investigate its root causes,sort out the evolution process of public space and analyze the action mechanism of influencing factors,but also excavate the deep relationship between traffic culture and traditional village culture and build a model of systematic protection and overall renewal of traditional villages in Mentougou District.This study carries out historical research,field investigation and spatial analysis on the traditional villages in Mentougou District,West Beijing.By extracting the characteristics of traffic elements and traditional village public space in each period,this paper determines the coupling relationship between traffic change and village public space evolution,and puts forward the protection and renewal strategy of traditional villages with traffic system as the framework and village public space as the renewal core.The main body of the study is divided into four parts: first,starting from the cognition of regional culture and traffic changes,clarify the inducing factors and spatial distribution of traffic formation and changes in each period,and clarify the guiding role of traffic in the formation and evolution of traditional villages in Mentougou District;Secondly,based on historical documents and field research,sort out the spatial data information of traffic and village public space,analyze the types,characteristics,spatial distribution and tendency of public space under the traffic background of each period,and construct the coupling relationship between traffic and village public space;Thirdly,taking the traditional village public space as the research subject,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the evolution of village public space under the traffic change,as well as the specific evolution mechanism of the form and function of public space;Fourth,taking the traffic corridor as the clue and the principle of the integration and symbiosis of tradition and modernity,build and put forward the systematic spatial protection and renewal strategy of "traffic line" + "element point" at the macro,meso and micro levels.The main innovations of this study are as follows: first,based on the vision of traffic change,clarify the internal relationship between traffic and traditional village public space,summarize the coupling relationship between them,and summarize the evolution mechanism of traditional village public space;Secondly,based on the connection and coupling between traffic corridor and village,define the adaptive village public space,sort out its characteristics,and summarize different types;Third,build a multi-level interconnected spatial system from different dimensions of region,village monomer and village public space,provide technical guidance for the protection and renewal of traditional villages in Mentougou District,and provide practical strategies for the overall protection of local built heritage in Mentougou District.