Research On The Cooperation Of Highway And Railway Freight Transportation In Low Carbon Environment Based On Evolutionary Game

Low-carbon and environmental protection is an important policy in China’s new era.Achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality requires a comprehensive and profound transformation of the economic and social systems.With the development of China’s economy and changes in the market environment,there is an increasing demand from consumers for goods transportation and higher requirements for delivery timeliness.So,independent operations are no longer able to fully meet market demands,and collaborative efforts among enterprises are needed to overcome development bottlenecks.As the foundation of China’s economy,the transportation industry can only achieve energy conservation and emissions reduction and embark on a path of sustainable development by promoting cooperation among various transportation modes.This paper selects the government,public transportation and railway enterprises as the research objects,focusing on the analysis of the impact of government’s low-carbon policies on achieving intermodal transportation collaboration between public and railway enterprises.Firstly,a game-theoretic model is constructed to analyze the evolution of the government,road transportation enterprises,and railway transportation enterprises under low-carbon policies.By constructing replicated dynamic equations,Jacobian matrices,and other methods,the stability of the game system is analyzed,and the evolution path of behavior strategies for freight companies in low-carbon environments is explored.And the evolution path within the game system and multiple factors that affect the system to reach its ideal state are identified.Finally,the conclusions are validated through numerical simulations using MATLAB,and the evolutionary trends of the system under changes in the initial policy intentions of the stakeholders are analyzed.It is found that government subsidies to enterprises,the cost of intermodal infrastructure equipment,and the intensity of regulatory measures on non-lowcarbon behavior of road enterprises can affect the rate of intermodal formation.Therefore,it is necessary to increase subsidies and rewards for intermodal transportation within an effective range,improve the penalty mechanism,and strengthen regulatory measures on enterprises to promote the sustainable development of low-carbon transportation.Lastly,by applying the Shapley value method to allocate profits among the three stakeholders in the cooperative game model,the influencing factors are studied.It is found that the rewards given by the government to the government for low-carbon policies,the cost of public infrastructure construction,fines for road oversize and overloaded transportation,and additional expenditure on the "last mile" of railways are the main influencing factors on the profits of each stakeholder in the model.Only by balancing the interests of all parties can lowcarbon emission reduction be achieved and intermodal collaboration be promoted in a positive manner.