| Since the reform and opening up,China’s economic and social development has made remarkable achievements,and the urbanization process has been rapid.However,in the process of promoting urbanization,the matching difference between urban public service facilities and population growth has become increasingly prominent.Based on this,this paper uses the kernel density analysis method,the opportunity accumulation method and the location allocation model as the research methods to study the public service facilities in Nansha City,analyze their spatial layout characteristics and evaluate their accessibility,and optimize the layout with the vegetable market and pension facilities as examples.The purpose is to explore a new evaluation method to determine whether the daily life needs of urban residents are matched with the supply of public service facilities in the ’ 15-minute community life circle ’.On this basis,the layout optimization method of public service facilities in the ’ 15-minute community life circle ’ is proposed.The research is mainly divided into two parts: one is the evaluation of "15-minute community living circle" of nansha urban residents;the other is the layout optimization of public service facilities in Nansha urban area.In the first part,the POI,residential buildings,pedestrian network and population database are established.Secondly,Arcgis kernel density analysis tool is used to analyze the distribution characteristics of various public service facilities.Thirdly,UNA(Urban Network Analysis)is used to evaluate the "15-minute community living circle" walking accessibility of residential buildings.Secondly,measure its fairness from two dimensions of coverage rate and compliance rate.Then,the concept of development coordination degree was introduced to comprehensively evaluate the facility coverage level.Then,comprehensive convenience evaluation is carried out.Finally,the population and comprehensive convenience are standardized,and the superposition analysis of "population" and "comprehensive convenience" is carried out from the two dimensions of "population mean" and "the square of the difference between standard values".In the second part,firstly,the optimization principle of public service facilities is put forward.Then,the location allocation model was established in Arcgis,and the minimal impedance model and the minimal facility point model were used to optimize the layout of the vegetable market and the elderly facilities.Finally,some suggestions on optimizing public service facilities are put forward.The results show that :1)the standard attainment rate of cultural facilities,educational facilities,shopping facilities and old-age care facilities in nansha urban area is low,not more than 40%;2)Nansha,Bantou,Luneck,Daling and Jinzhou districts with the urban development coordination degree above 5,and Dongli,Shenwan,Dongwan and Dongjing districts with the development coordination degree below 3;3)Jinzhou,Bantou,Nansha and Daling areas are the areas with comprehensive convenience degree above 13,while Nanheng,Shaluowan,Tantou,Tanwei and Dongjing areas are the areas with comprehensive convenience degree below 3;4)The areas with poor matching degree of comprehensive convenience and population of "15-minute community living circle" in Nansha District are Jinzhou-Dongguayu-Bantou area,urban villages in Nansha Area and some newly built residential areas around the study area.The proportion of population in this area is 44.56%,and the proportion of residential buildings is 37.67%;5)After optimization,the building coverage and population coverage of the wet market and elderly care facilities are significantly improved,in which the coverage of the wet market is increased by more than 2 times and the coverage of the elderly care facilities is increased by more than 6 times.The practice of the optimization method of the layout of public service facilities based on the location allocation model is feasible. |
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