Research On Environmental Psychological Perception Impact Of Introducing Natural Elements Into Large Underground Commercial Streets

In recent years,the development of underground space in China has provided great development potential for urban renewal.As one of the most common underground spaces,the research on underground street has important practical significance.However,with the deepening of development,the disadvantages of the underground street environment are gradually exposed.On the one hand,the closure of the physical environment has brought negative effects on the air,damp heat,light and sound environment.On the other hand,being underground makes people’s cognitive ability of the surrounding environment decline,resulting in adverse psychological states such as anxiety,fatigue and fear.The problems of large underground streets are particularly prominent.To improve the space environment of large underground streets,people’s psychological needs must be considered.The introduction of natural elements is an important means to eliminate the gap between the above ground and underground environment.The design guidance from the bottom-up humanized perspective can enhance the attraction and experience value of underground space.Therefore,based on the current situation of the space environment of large underground street,this paper introduces natural elements to study it.First,from the perspective of the particularity of the physical environment of the underground street and the needs of the subjective psychological environment,this paper demonstrates the necessity of the introduction of natural elements for the optimization of the space quality of large underground street.On the basis of field research and literature research,the spatial form and three natural elements of natural light,plants and water are summarized as independent variables.The spatial form of underground street is summarized into four basic types: single path,double path,double path plus core node,and double path plus conversion interface;Three sets of variables are set for natural light: linear flat skylight,atrium top light and sunken side light;Green plants can be divided into three basic types: pot planting,combined planting pool and wall mounted vertical greening;The water body has two forms: dynamic water and static water.The dependent variable is measured by subjective environmental psychological perception index,and the common semantic scale is used to study and judge the eight categories of environmental psychological perception factors,and the relationship between the natural elements and the environmental psychological perception of the experimenter is explored through virtual reality experiment simulation.Considering that traditional on-site investigation and image scoring methods are difficult to exclude the influence of other environmental factors,this paper uses virtual reality technology and subjective environmental psychological perception scale to conduct experimental research,selects typical large underground streets as the prototype of the experimental model,uses the orthogonal experimental design method to design orthogonal experiments with mixed levels according to the selected spatial forms and natural elements,and uses VR modeling to construct 16 groups of corresponding experimental scenes,Let the subjects experience in the form of panorama,sort out the final experimental results,and analyze the data with SPSS.Through experimental data analysis,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)In the perception of the material environment,the planar form has a significant impact on the sense of scale and closure;The lighting form of natural light has a significant impact on the sense of scale,diversity,closure and recognition;The form of greening has a significant impact on the sense of scale,diversity and closure;Water form has a significant impact on diversity.(2)In the atmosphere perception,the plane form has no significant influence on the atmosphere perception;Both lighting and greening have a significant impact on attractiveness,pleasure,closeness and security;The form of the water body has a significant impact on attraction,pleasure,and security.(3)In general,the combination of dual path plus node,linear flat skylight/centralized dome,combined planting pond and dynamic water can best meet the environmental psychological perception needs of users in terms of objective elements and emotional atmosphere.In this paper,combined with the experimental results,by sorting out the specific forms and means of combining natural elements and space,we put forward design guidance for different forms of large underground streets to improve the spatial quality of underground streets.At the same time,as a commercial space,the underground street can find the best combination of natural elements for it,which can reasonably meet the physical and psychological needs of users and enhance the value of developing the space environment of the underground street.