| In today’s international society,the attention of urban planning to "people" presents a new change from "people-oriented" to "people-centered".It has become the consensus of urban development in the world to greatly meet the public demand with high-quality public service allocation and promote the transformation of cities from high-speed growth to high-quality and high-quality development.However,in the existing planning practice,the mismatch contradiction between the extensive allocation of urban public service facilities and the needs of multiple groups has become increasingly prominent.How to deeply explore the coupling relationship between urban people and the allocation of planning space resources,comprehensively identify,characterize and reveal the diversified needs of different regions and different types of people,so as to maximize the matching between people’s needs and urban space resources is becoming an important entry point for accurate planning.Therefore,it is necessary to elaborate the urban population and its demand characteristics from the development demands of accurate planning,so as to truly realize people-oriented urban planning.The existing research on the supply-demand side of planning at home and abroad shows the research trend of gradually refining the research dimensions and methods and gradually concretizing the research objects,which is specifically reflected in the transformation trend of the mode and concept of facility allocation from paying attention to the supply side to paying attention to the relationship between supply and demand.More and more attention has been paid to the measurement and differentiation of the demand characteristics of urban people.However,the existing research on the supply side still has the disadvantage of simplifying the description of the main demand,ignoring the attention to the differentiation of "individual" demand;Demand side research is limited to the measurement and differentiation of demand characteristics of specific groups or individuals at the medium and micro level,and has poor connection with the application of urban planning.Therefore,guided by the coupling of supply and demand,this paper aims to deconstruct the demand types and differentiation factors of urban population,then carry out the analytical research on the multi-dimensional attribute characteristics of urban population,and put forward the conceptual model of "digital portrait of urban population".Its core purpose is to explore accurate and effective methods to depict urban population and realize the structured combing of population characteristics and needs in complex urban system.Compared with the existing research on the portrait of urban people,this paper realizes the logical transformation from data-driven to planning application-oriented.It aims to face the realistic demands of accurate planning,reflect the coupling relationship between people and urban public facilities through the multi-dimensional attribute analysis of people,and then provide a reference rational tool for the identification and matching of supply and demand characteristics under accurate planning.This paper consists of six chapters,the contents of which are as follows: the first chapter is the introduction,which mainly shows the research background and purpose of this paper,and combs the main technical methods and ideas of this paper;The second chapter is the research basis,which combs the planning evolution and theoretical context from the two aspects of "supply side" and "demand side",and interprets the trends and deficiencies of the existing research;Then it re recognizes the connotation of accurate planning,and establishes a cognitive framework of the coupling between supply and demand between urban public services and residents’ needs,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the proposal of digital portraits of urban people.The third chapter is the theoretical construction,which puts forward the theoretical connotation of the digital portrait of urban people,further decomposes the service demand into "explicit objective demand"(behavior)and "implicit subjective demand"(perception)from the two aspects of people’s "ontology" and "service demand",and constructs a "population attribute pyramid" system with three dimensions and seven levels,It realizes the full category description from the basic attribute to the objective behavior attribute of "classification,distance,frequency and order",and then to the subjective perception attribute of "behavior preference and psychological state",so as to analyze the multi-dimensional attribute characteristics of the population more comprehensively and thoroughly;The technical framework of "data acquisition and preprocessing,attribute analysis and label extraction" is proposed.The fourth chapter is empirical research.Combined with the available multi-source big data,it depicts the multi-dimensional attributes of urban population in Nanjing metropolitan area in three dimensions and nine attributes,so as to preliminarily realize the multi-dimensional and all-round overall cognition of urban population.The fifth chapter is the portrait analysis,which generates the digital portrait of urban people facing Nanjing through the top-down label combination,and makes a basic analysis on its overall quantitative characteristics and distribution characteristics;Furthermore,three groups,namely "HWT residential type","HPT residential type" and "HWPT comprehensive type",are selected according to the demand model.The refined feature analysis and differentiation mechanism are discussed in terms of their population attributes,spatial distribution,diversity distribution and group composition,and the example analysis of typical populations is carried out for typical units,so as to provide a basis for the application of subsequent accurate planning.The sixth chapter is the summary and prospect.According to the research results,it summarizes the main conclusions and innovations of this paper,reflects on the shortcomings of this research,and provides a reference direction for follow-up research. |
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