Quantitative Analysis And Optimization Study Of The Daylighting Of Traditional Patio Dwellings

Daylighting in architecture is closely related to the creation and expression of space,occupants’ physical and mental health,needs of visual tasks and visual comfort,energy conservation and sustainability of architecture.However,it was not until nearly 150 years,driven by legislation,national standards and relevant indicators,that the amount of daylight in buildings was gradually and stably controlled and guaranteed.As a special type of residential buildings in China,there are no unified norms and standards to restrict and require the design of daylighting in traditional dwellings that are mostly different from place to place,due to the early construction time and high spontaneity.It is usually difficult for the quality of indoor natural light environment to meet the needs of modern life.Traditional patio dwellings are a very representative category of traditional dwellings in China.This kind of dwellings are mainly distributed in daylight climate zone IV and Zone V,which belong to the area with less natural light resources.However,the traditional patio dwellings take the small-area top opening as the main way of daylighting,and take the small-scale courtyard below the opening as the core to organize the overall space,which brings a series of problems of the natural light environment inside the dwellings.Based on the traditional dwellings in Xingxian village,Wufu Town,Fujian Province,this paper discusses the quantification and optimization of daylighting of traditional patio dwellings.First of all,On the basis of improving the quantitative sub items and clarifying the quantitative path,complete the analysis of natural light environment,and construct the optimization strategy.Then,carry out the demonstration through the optimization cases,so as to bring enlightenment and reference to the light environment research of courtyard dwellings in Northern Fujian and even other regions.The improvement of the daylight environment of traditional dwellings plays an important role in enhancing the comfortability of living,improving the health of the villagers and strengthening the inheritance and protection of traditional dwellings.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the main body of this paper is divided into four parts:The first part introduces the basic information of Xingxian village and the daylighting status of local traditional patio dwellings through field investigation,and establishes a high reduction "lighting prototype of architecture" of local dwellings in the investigation,so as to provide a more accurate model support for subsequent quantitative analysis.The second part puts forward a path for the daylighting quantification,combining two aspects of "use demand" and "spatial interface",carring out quantitative research with computer simulation as the main technical means.Besides the evaluation of various daylight performance metrics of each functional space of dwellings,this paper discusses the influence law of the spatial pattern of dwellings on their natural daylighting performance.Based on the quantitative analysis of "use demand",it is found that there are insufficient daylighting uniformity and seasonal glare in the semi outdoor area of the courtyard,and there is a serious shortage of light amount in the wing room area.In addition to the static analysis,the variation results of light amount and glare under dynamic conditions are further discussed.Based on the quantitative analysis of "spatial interface",it is found that there are regular conclusions related to natural lighting in the top open interface,horizontal base interface and vertical enclosure interface,and the top open interface is an important factor affecting the lighting of horizontal base interface and vertical enclosure interface.In the third part,according to the investigation and quantitative results,three adaptive strategies for optimizing the natural lighting of traditional patio dwellings are constructed: 1)the optimization strategy based on the transformation of envelope structure;2)the optimization strategy based on function space reorganization;3)the optimization strategy of mechanical services implantation,and the specific theoretical basis,the component of technology and the application method of each strategy are further discussed.The fourth part takes wufuli No.21 as an example,aiming at a series of natural light environment problems obtained from quantitative analysis,completes the natural lighting optimization example of traditional patio dwellings in Xingxian village,which tests the effectiveness of the strategy,evaluates the optimization effect,and provides reference paradigms and standards for the reasonable and orderly renewal of local traditional dwellings and the future expansion of the village.