Analysis Of The Spatial And Space Evolution Of Rural Settlements In Weibei Dry Tableland Pattern Optimization

Rural settlement is an important carrier of human activities,and its distribution and evolution pattern are the result of the compatible development of people and the surrounding environment.With the deepening of contemporary economic development and the urbanization of social transformation,the rural settlement pattern with long-term stable development of traditional agriculture as the main part has been gradually broken,and the rural settlement has entered a state of disorderly development.Especially when the ecological environment is fragile,human activities are frequent,and it is an important agricultural production base,in the contradiction between people’s livelihood and the natural environment,the harmony between man and land highlights the importance.How to explore a more reasonable and appropriate development spatial model for rural settlements under the background of contemporary development is an urgent problem to be solved in northwest China.In this paper,we will take the Weibei arid tableland region of Shaanxi province as an example,Selected the years 1992,2000,2010,and 2019 as the time nodes of the study,Tracking the spatial distribution pattern of rural settlements in the arid region of northern Weihe in the past 30 years,Using the methods of landscape pattern index and spatial distribution analysis,According to the "evolution characteristics of spatial distribution-influencing factors and driving forces-optimizing spatial structure" as the context,Characterize the spatial distribution pattern characteristics of rural settlements in the study area,Summarize the law of evolution,Explore the influence factors that influence the spatial distribution as well as the driving forces,On this basis,the spatial pattern optimization mode of rural settlements is further analyzed and explored.The conclusions obtained are as follows:(1)The scale of rural settlements in the study area is continuously expanded,and the degree of the overall settlement cluster is gradually enhanced,mainly reflected in the southern region,with the geographical center of gravity from the southeast to the west.Within the 6 km × 6 km grid,the development type of settlement is mainly expanded and new,the dispersion of settlement is increasing,and the transformation between settlement and land is mainly cultivated land,water system and grassland.(2)In the past 30 years,by natural factors,the rural settlements in the study area prefer low altitude,low slope and water system direction;in social economy,the study area have road and farmland orientation;in the policy,the proximity of the town center is the quantitative index,with the attraction of the town center.The driving force mechanism of the spatial and temporal evolution of rural settlement is explored by integrating various influencing factors,and the natural environmental factors and social and economic environment factors have a great influence on the spatial and temporal evolution of rural settlement.(3)Based on the stability of rural settlements and the dominance of environmental factors in the study area,the settlements were divided into gradeⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and V areas.Level Ⅰ is a settlement area with low stability and low environmental advantage;Level Ⅱ is the area with low stability and medium stability and low environmental advantage;Level Ⅲ is the area with low stability,low stability,medium stability and environmental advantage;Level Ⅳ is the area with medium stability,high stability and environmental advantage;and Level Ⅴ is the area with high stability and high environmental advantage.(4)According to the strength of the endogenous development force of settlements,all levels of districts are divided into relocation,guided,improved and sustainable cluster optimization.The relocated settlement is the area with the lowest stability and the advantage of the environmental factors;the guide settlement is the development of the core settlement;the stability of the settlement is higher than the environmental advantage,which can strengthen the connection with the surrounding settlement;the stability of the continuous settlement and the advantage of the environmental factors,maintaining the development of the original mode.