| In the practical experience of ancient Chinese urban planning,there was a concentration of a holistic consciousness of coordinating and managing the city,natural landscapes,and cultural spaces as a whole.Through the continuity of history,a unique urban landscape and cultural spatial pattern with unique urban characteristics has been continuously formed in each place.Due to the acceleration of urbanization,the pattern of historical urban areas in many cities is constantly disappearing,and some important cultural spaces are disappearing,leaving only some unique urban memories,leading to an increasing difficulty in protecting urban historical and cultural heritage.Landscape was not easy in ancient times,and it still retains most of its form from ancient times to the present,with verifiable evidence.In recent years,the country has attached increasing importance to the protection and inheritance of urban historical and cultural heritage.The direction of urban planning in the new era has shifted from ecological civilization orientation to high-quality development,and then to the inheritance of Chinese culture.The goal is to strengthen people’s satisfaction with a better life and meet the requirements of overall protection and traceability of historical and cultural heritage.It is highly necessary to reorganize the construction wisdom of traditional Chinese urban planning in order to seek implementable new methods for urban historical and cultural protection from a larger perspective.Qufu,Shandong is one of the origins of Chinese civilization,with a history of thousands of years.It gave birth to the great founder of Confucian culture,Confucius,and is therefore famous both domestically and internationally.Qufu has a profound historical and cultural heritage.In the process of historical development,Qufu plays an important role in the Cultural history of China and even the world.It can be called one of the oldest cultural holy places in the world.The wisdom accumulated in Qufu’s city management constantly follows the pursuit of Qufu’s "etiquette",and the important and powerful Confucian cultural core makes Qufu’s ancient city firmly adhere to its unique urban landscape and humanistic spatial pattern.This article takes Qufu,Shandong Province as the object,and in the context of human settlement and environmental science,carefully sorts out the concept and connotation of the "landscape cultural spatial pattern",forming a research framework of "development context value-element spatial composition-pattern wisdom condensation-current development problems-protection strategies",utilizing "multiple text mutual verification" Research methods such as field survey and interview and Arc GIS Spatial analysis have summarized the specific operation process of their own element extraction.We have built a relatively complete database and quantitatively analyzed the spatial structure and construction wisdom of Qufu’s historical,landscape,and cultural landscape.Firstly,the development context of its city is sorted out.Qufu has gone through five main stages of development: the capital of two major powers in the Zhou Dynasty,the exclusive worship of Confucianism in the Qin and Han dynasties,the expansion of Confucian temples in the Wei,Jin,Sui,and Tang dynasties,the juxtaposition of Song,Jin,and Yuan cities,the relocation of cities and temples in the Ming and Qing dynasties,and the transition from the Republic of China to the modern Confucian holy city.It also analyzes the important urban value and research value of Qufu from four aspects: politics,culture,urban construction,economy and humanity;Secondly,based on a large amount of historical literature,the spatial elements that influence the historical landscape and human spatial pattern of cities are sorted and excavated,including three categories of elements: natural spatial elements,human spatial elements,and related order elements.The connotation of the urban landscape and human spatial pattern at the regional,historical urban,and suburban scales is further explored;Once again,based on the above,analyze from five aspects: construction awareness,mountain and river positioning,cultural guidance,growth superposition,and related networks,and summarize its unique construction wisdom with modern reference significance;Finally,based on the existing problems in the development process of urban space,by formulating. |
