Evaluation And Study On The Child-friendly Of Outdoor Activity Space In Community-life Cirvle

The protection of children’s rights and interests is the basis for building child-friendly cities.China has always attached importance to the issue of children’s development,and the work of building child-friendly cities is now on the right track in China.Since the reform and opening up,with the advancement of market economy,China’s cities have developed rapidly,and the rich urban culture and convenient facilities have attracted more and more children and families to live in the cities.In terms of the existing resource and environmental supply situation,due to the population growth brought about by urbanisation,urban spatial planning is often unable to meet children’s daily outdoor activity needs,leading to increasingly prominent physical and mental health problems among children,such as obesity,myopia and depression.Against this background,the concept of child-friendly urban planning has become an important research direction in urban and rural planning as an important indicator of the quality of life in the human environment.It is based on the above background that this paper delves into the evaluation system of child-friendliness of outdoor activity spaces in community-life circle from the perspective of child-friendliness.In view of this,this paper attempts to theorise how public space can be adapted to children’s outdoor activity needs from the meso-level of the community-life circle.In terms of empirical research,literature research,field observation,semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used to investigate the current situation of outdoor activity spaces in community-life circle and to derive the basic factors affecting children’s outdoor activity spaces.A preliminary framework of the child-friendliness evaluation system was established by combining the exploratory factor analysis method,and an empirical factor analysis was conducted using structural equation modelling to further verify the applicability of each factor to the child-friendliness evaluation system.Finally,using a typical community-life circle as an example,an outdoor activity space planning strategy based on child-friendliness evaluation is proposed.It is an important guideline for improving the quality of outdoor activity space in community-life circle,increasing the frequency and willingness of children to engage in outdoor activities,as well as for community planning and social governance at this stage.The main findings of the thesis are as follows.(1)The factors affecting the configuration of children’s outdoor activity space were analyzed based on research on children’s physical,psychological and social development theories on their outdoor activity needs and behavioral characteristics.Based on the Bullerby model,the factors influencing children’s outdoor activity space were divided into two dimensions: the availability of places and the accessibility of paths.In the dimension of place availability,it was developed based on the theory of availability corresponding to three categories of functional availability,emotional availability and social availability;in the dimension of path accessibility,it was developed based on the theory of children’s independent activity corresponding to three categories of safe activity,convenient activity and comfortable activity.It provides a theoretical basis for the research and selection of the influencing factors,and then guides the construction of the model of child-friendly evaluation system.(2)Statistical analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling to establish an evaluation model of child-friendliness of outdoor activity spaces in community-life circle in order to establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system.The study integrated the previous systematic theoretical research and research analysis,developed an evaluation scale for the child-friendliness of outdoor activity spaces in community-life circle,and screened the evaluation system indicators through questionnaire data reliability analysis.Then the structural equation models of place availability and path accessibility evaluation were constructed respectively,and the models were revised and adjusted by combining the analysis results.Finally,the path coefficients of the structural equation were used to determine the weights of each indicator of the evaluation system.(3)Based on the community environment and children’s behavioral characteristics in Qingdao,a typical community-life circle in the south of the city was selected as the research object,and the child-friendliness of public spaces for children’s outdoor activities was evaluated.The study found that in the 15-minute life circle,the outdoor activity space needs to be improved in terms of availability and accessibility;in the5-10-minute life circle,the outdoor activity space in different community-life circle has different needs and needs to be planned and improved.Based on the analysis results,the "area-route-place" hierarchical planning strategy was proposed to meet the current outdoor activity needs of children and to verify the operability of the evaluation system.This paper researches the evaluation of outdoor activity spaces in community-life circle from the perspective of child-friendliness,tries to establish a theoretical system and quantitative evaluation method for the child-friendliness of outdoor activity spaces in community-life circle and applies the research results to typical community-life circle in Qingdao.To a certain extent,the research perspectives and ideas of outdoor activity space evaluation were extended,and it has a positive effect on the improvement of child-friendliness of outdoor activity space in community-life circle.However,this study focuses on the outdoor activity needs of school-age children,and explores the needs for independent travel and activity support in community-life circle,while there are still shortcomings in the expansion of children of different ages,different travel destination characteristics and different urban spatial scales,and further research is needed.