Study On Zoning Of High-standard Farmland Construction In County

Arable land as the carrier of food crop growth,is the basic element to ensure food security.China has a large number of people and less land,and per capita arable land resources are far below the world average.In recent years,the acceleration of urbanization and the development of social economy further lead to the reduction of arable land quantity,food security is threatened,so the state has formulated a strict arable land protection system to protect the quantity and quality of arable land.High standard farmland construction can consolidate and improve the ability of grain production and safeguard national food security,the demarcation of high-standard farmland construction area is the primary work of high-standard farmland construction,therefore,it is determined that evaluation factors affecting high standard farmland construction conditions,establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation system for zoning high-standard farmland construction,divide high-standard farmland construction partitions,which is of great significance for the protection of arable land resources and food security.This study takes Dawu County in Hubei Province as an example,14 evaluation indexes such as effective soil layer thickness,soil texture and slope were selected from four aspects of natural conditions,location conditions,infrastructure conditions and ecological conditions to construct the evaluation index system of high-standard farmland construction conditions,use the hierarchical analysis to determine the weight of the index,and the comprehensive score of each evaluation unit is calculated using a multi-factor synthesis method,and use the natural breakpoint method to classify the evaluation results into grade 1,grade 2,grade 3 and grade 4 according to the score from high to low,the evaluation results of arable land map patches were converted to the scale of administrative villages,and the local spatial autocorrelation analysis was carried out with the administrative villages as the unit to explore the spatial structure characteristics and clustering rules,the comprehensive evaluation results and local spatial autocorrelation types were used to classify high-standard farmland construction areas.The results show that the area of first-level arable land in Dawu is 15139.72 hectares,accounting for 25.56% of the total arable land area,the area of second-level arable land is29562.14 hectares,the area of third-level arable land is 12144.49 hectares,and the area of fourth-level arable land is 2374.44 hectares,accounting for 49.92%,20.51% and 4.01%of the total arable land respectively.The local spatial autocorrelation index of arable land at the administrative village level was 0.429,indicating that the spatial distribution of arable land comprehensive level was positively correlated.Among them,there are 60 HH type administrative villages,40 LL type administrative villages,6 HL type administrative villages,6 LH type administrative villages and 285 non-significant administrative villages.Based on the evaluation results of high-standard farmland construction conditions and the local spatial autocorrelation types of arable land,the high-standard farmland construction regions in the study area were divided into five regions,including priority construction area,secondary construction area,alternative construction area,restricted construction area and prohibited construction area.The arable land area in the priority construction area is 11,771.95 hectares,the arable land in the secondary construction area is 33,161.70 hectares,accounting for 19.88% and 56.00% of the total arable land area respectively,both are areas of recent high-standard farmland construction;The area of arable land in the alternative construction area is 10188.10 hectares,which is an important reserve area for high-standard farmland construction and suitable for medium-term construction.The arable land area in the restricted construction area is 1100.10 hectares,the overall comprehensive level of arable land is low and scattered,so the arable land in this area can be included in the category of long-term construction.The arable land area in the forbidden area is 2998.94 hectares,the arable land is not qualified for the construction of high-standard farmland,so this area should not be used as a high-standard farmland construction area.Through the analysis of the evaluation index of Dawu County,the key contents of the construction of high-standard farmland in Dawu County are obtained,which mainly include:soil p H value improvement,slope regulation engineering,field road engineering,irrigation and drainage engineering and farmland protection engineering,and proposed corresponding construction measures provide a direction for the specific work of high standard farmland construction in the study area.The arable land quality evaluation results of Dawu County were analyzed and counted,analyze the statistical results and high standard farmland construction condition evaluation results of this study,the results showed that from grade 1 to grade 4 arable land,the proportion of the area of high land and medium land in the grade of arable land gradually decreased,and the proportion of the area of low land in the grade of arable land gradually increased.The overall results were consistent.