Investigation Of The Incidence Of Feline Lower Urinary Tract Diseases And Analysis Of Typical Cases In Ya’an

Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease(FLUTD),proposed in the 70 s of the 20 th century,describes a series of diseases from the bladder to the urethra in cats.The affected cat mainly manifests symptoms such as low appetite,abdominal pain,blood in the urine,frequent licking of the genitals,and urinary blockage.Among them,FLUTD-induced hyperkalemia,acute and chronic renal failure and uremia are the main causes of death in cats.The total number of cases in an animal hospital in Ya’an City in 2019～2022 was17715,of which 1037 were FLUTD cases,accounting for 5.8% of the total number of cases(1037/17715).In this study,185 complete case data were collected,and the association between the incidence of FLUTD in Ya’an City and the variety,sex,sterilization,age,weight,diet and season was analyzed and discussed according to the results,and typical cases in clinical practice were selected to focus on the diagnosis,treatment of the disease and clinicians’ choice of treatment options.In the history survey,39.5%(73/185)of the cats had a recurrence of FLUTD.The typical symptoms of cats in clinical examination were urinary occlusion or urethral obstruction 100%(185/185),the main symptoms were frequent genital licking 70.2%(130/185),vomiting 68.6%(127/185),followed by low appetite or abolition 67%(124/185),dehydration 59%(109/185),obvious abdominal pain 47%(87/185),hematuria 36.8%(68/185).In laboratory tests,the mean value of feline leukocytes was 21.4±10.5×109/L,the mean creatinine was 978±107μmol/L,the mean urea nitrogen value was 44.2±5.9mmol/L,and the mean potassium ion was 6.4±1.7mmol/L and so on.In imaging examination,the X-ray results of the cat showed that the bladder was full,high-density images appeared in the bladder or urethra,and the B-ultrasound results showed hyperechoic images of the bladder area.The principles of treatment for cats are emergency relief and symptomatic treatment(conservative versus surgical).Catheterization and intravenous fluids(0.9% normal saline,sodium lactate Ringer’s solution)to relieve emergencies.With the use of drugs(meloxicam,phenethylamine,maropitam citrate,ceftriaxone sodium,or enrofloxacin),the cure rate was 60.4%(84/139),surgical treatment with urethral and cystotomy to unblock obstruction,urethrostomy to permanently widen the urethra,cure rate was80.4%(37/46).A summary of the incidence of 185 cases showed that the primary cause was urolithiasis 44.8%(83/185),followed by idiopathic cystitis 36.7%(68/185).The incidence of shorthair cats in the UK is 31%(57/185)higher than that of longhair cats in 11%(20/185).The incidence rate of male cats was 92.4%(171/185)higher than that of female cats by 7.6%(14/185).The incidence probability of castrated male cats was 64.3%(110/171),which was 1.8 times that of uncastrated male cats;the incidence of unsterilized female cats was 64.3%(9/14)higher than that of sterilized female cats by 35.7%(5/14).The age is 1～3 years old,accounting for 48%(89/185).In terms of body weight,3～5kg body weight is more common,accounting for 38%(70/185).In terms of diet,the number of affected cats eating dry cat food was the largest,accounting for 67%(124/185).Autumn was the most common in season,accounting for 33%(61/185).