Effects Of Different Fertilizer Combined Application On Fruit Yield And Quality Of Akebia Trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz.var.australis (Diels) Reld.in Early High Yield Stage

Akebia trifoliata（Thunb.）Koidz.Var.australis（Diels）Reld.（abbreviated ATA）is a traditional Chinese medicinal material in China,its rattan could be used as medicine called“Akebiae caulus”,and its nearly ripe fruit also could be used as medicine called“Akebial fructus”.The ripe fruit of ATA is commonly known as“Ba yue gua”in folk,which is a characteristic fruit in folk of Yangtze river basin.The provincial standard of food safty for“Ba yue gua”was published by Sichuan,Shanxi and Guizhou province in 2018,2021 and 2023 year respectively.Presently,the level of standardization in the cultivation of ATA is relatively low,especially in terms of fertilization research.This experiment used the"3414"fertilizer experimental plan to study the effects of different fertilizer combinations on the yield and quality of ATA in early high yield stage,aiming to provide reference for the current fertilization measures for fruit production.The researching results showed that N（nitrogen）,P（phosphorus）and K（potassium）with different matching and fertilization levels had remarkable effect on the leaf photosynthetic indexes,fruit appearance trait,yield and quality of ATA,with different degree of influence.The main results as followed:1.The effect of N,P and K fertilizer on the drying rate of ATA fruit is not significant,which mainly promoted the vertical diameter and transverse diameter of ATA fruit through suitable matching,therefor enhanced the single fruit weight.For the ATA plant with 6-year-old at the early high yield stage,the vertical diameter and transverse diameter of ATA fruit had a better result under the fertilization program of N₀P₂K₂.2.The fertilization program of N₁P₂K₂,which could balance the 4 photosynthetic indexes mentioned above,produced a rather better photosynthetic index value.3.Under different fertilization program of N,P and K,fourteen of the four medicinal indexes could meet the criterion of the Chinese pharmacopoeia in the edition of 2020.Based on the content performance of the four medicinal indexes,the N₁P₁K₂ scheme was the best fertilization ratio.4.The fertilization program of N₂P₂K₃could achieve high nutritional value and fruit quality.5.Under the fertilization program of N₂P₃K₂,The oil ratio of ATA seed could achieve a higher oil content（41.34%）;The content of unsaturated fatty acids in the grain of ATA seed was high,and the fertilization program of N₁P₁K₂ could take into account six fatty acid indexes.6.Under the fertilization program of N₁P₁K₂,namely each plant was fertilized urea 48.5 g,superphosphate 187.5 g and potassium sulfate fertilizer 88 g in one year,the yield of ATA fruit per mu would reach 1780.09 Kg,which raised 20.73%than the conventional fertilization level（namely N₂P₂K₂）,and raised 34.42%than control fertilization level（namely N₀P₀K₀）.7.According to the simulation analysis and comprehensive judgment of multiple regression model with yield as the goal,considering the economic benefits,on the basis of obtaining higher yield of ATA fruit,the optimal fertilization scheme of high-yield and high-quality fertilization program was as follows:each plant was fertilized urea 73.1 g,superphosphate 169.9 g and potassium sulfate fertilizer 60.6 g in one year.