A Study On Acquisition And Development Of Sentences From The Perspective Of Image Schema Theory

Pivotal sentences are not only an important special sentence form in modern Chinese,but also one of the most difficult points in grammar teaching as a foreign language.The particularity of the structure and semantic complexity of pivotal sentences cause certain biases in the process of pivotal sentences acquisition among second-language learners.And there are certain deficiencies in the teaching and research of pivotal sentences in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language,which deserve attention and exploration.According to the definition and classification of pivotal sentences in Modern Chinese Language by Huang Borong and Liao Xudong,combined with the requirements of the Grammar Grade Syllabus in the Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education,this paper classifies pivotal sentences into five categories:command class,causative class,being and not being class,love and hate class,and selected class.This paper firstly constructs the image schema of different types of pivotal sentences based on the force dynamic schema system and container schema theory,and analyzes the structure and semantic relationship of pivotal sentences.The image schema of command class,causative class and selected class pivotal sentences are constructed based on force dynamic schema system,while the image schema of love and hate class and being and not being class pivotal sentences are constructed based on container schema.Then this paper makes a detailed investigation of the arrangement and distribution of pivotal sentences in the teaching syllabus of Chinese as a foreign language and the commonly used Chinese Language textbooks HSK Standard Course,Comprehensive Course for Developing Chinese and New Practical Chinese Textbook.Moreover,this paper classifies the errors of pivotal sentences in the global Chinese interlanguage corpus and questionnaire,and analyzes the errors of different types of pivotal sentences based on the image schema theory.Finally,this paper analyzes the causes of the errors from four aspects:the image schema itself,the teaching material,the negative transfer of mother tongue and the negative transfer of target language,and puts forward some specific suggestions on the teaching of pivotal sentences based on the image schema.