A Semantic Study Of Noun Structure That Can Not Be Modified By Nouns In Modern Chinese

The so-called"nouns that cannot be modified by nouns",that is,nouns that cannot enter the position of the central structure of"N₁+（DE）+N₂".Based on 893 related nouns in Yu Shiwen’s modern Chinese grammar information dictionary,through the collection and sorting of the corpus,the research object is determined as 109 nouns,and this kind of words are investigated from four aspects:word formation characteristics,morpheme characteristics,semantic cognitive motivation and syntactic collocation.Nouns that cannot be modified by nouns can be divided into two categories:1 Nouns that cannot be classified by nouns:a noun that cannot enter the attribute structure and possessive structure;2.Nouns that cannot be modified by attributive nouns:a noun that can enter the possessive structure but cannot enter the attribute structure.In terms of lexical structure,nouns that cannot be modified by nouns are concentrated in more formal nouns and a small number of combined forms.In terms of semantic types,nouns that cannot be classified by nouns are concentrated in animal,human appellation,man-made objects,natural objects,shapes and attributes;Nouns that cannot be modified by attributive nouns focus on human components,artifacts,secretions,psychophysiology,attributes and events.In terms of the relationship between word meaning and morpheme meaning,nouns that cannot be classified by nouns focus on morpheme meaning to produce metaphorical metonymy,and nouns that cannot be modified by attributive nouns focus on morpheme meaning to directly express word meaning.On the basis of structural description,this paper explains the semantic cognitive motivation that these nouns can not be modified by nouns.The semantic motivation of nouns that cannot be classified by nouns is that such nouns have the characteristics of[specificity],[terminology],[specificity]and[-attached attribute].The cognitive motivation is that they lack the path activated by the reference or have been activated,which is difficult to be activated again.Some nouns have the characteristics of Gestalt and are easy to become the reference.The semantic motivation of nouns that cannot be modified by attributive nouns is that such nouns have the characteristics of[attached attribute],and the cognitive motivation is that such words can be activated by positional relationship and possessive relationship.Although these nouns cannot be modified by nouns,they can be modified by other parts of speech.The modifiers of these nouns can be divided into four cases:nouns with[specificity]characteristics can be modified by adjectives;Nouns with the characteristics of[+attached attribute]can be modified by verbs;Nouns with[special name]and[terminology]can be modified by number（Reference）quantifiers;Nouns with the characteristics of[+attributive]can be modified by personal pronouns or possessive nouns.