On The Difference Between The "People" In Pre-qin Confucian Literature And The "People" In Marxist Works

With the rapid development of our economy and the continuous improvement of our Comprehensive National Power,culture and its accompanying content of promoting cultural self-confidence have become one of the focuses of our society.The resolution adopted at the sixth plenary session of the 19 th Central Committee once again shows the importance of Chinese fine traditional culture in promoting cultural self-confidence and promoting cultural prosperity and development in the new era.There is no doubt that this idea is correct,but there are some theoretical deviations in the process of implementation.The "people" in the pre-qin Confucian literature is not only the people they refer to,the historical role they are endowed with,their understanding of their status in the real society,but also their understanding of their ultimate goal of development,because of their great differences from the "people" in Marxist works,we can not simply equate the "people" in pre-qin Confucian literature with the "people" in Marxist works.In addition,for the convenience of expression,"people" in Marxist works and "people" in pre-qin Confucian literature are both expressed as "people" and "people" in the text.First of all,in terms of the "people" and the people referred to,the "people" in Marxist writings refer to the majority of people who promote the development of history.The "people" in the Confucian literature of the pre Qin Dynasty refer to some people who serve as the basis of governance.Although they are in the same dominant position as the bottom workers,the targets of oppression are different,and the oppressors are also different.At the same time,with the changes in specific conditions such as times,the main contradictions Marxism faces in different regions and times are different,so the class content of the oppressed people is also different.The meaning of the people varies depending on the specific situation.The analysis and comparison of this issue in Marxist works mainly includes three aspects: Marx and Engels’ exposition,Lenin’s exposition,and Mao Zedong’s exposition.Correspondingly,pre Qin Confucian works fully illustrate the content of "people" through the "Book of Songs" and "Shang Shu","Zhou Li" and "Li Ji","The Analects of Confucius",and "Mencius".Secondly,from the perspective of the "people" and the national governance measures enjoyed by the "people",allowing the people to be the masters of their own affairs and achieving comprehensive development is the "people" in the Marxist writings,while the "people" in the Confucian literature of the pre Qin Dynasty is making the people comply with everything and develop unilaterally.Marxist works develop the people from four aspects: politics,economy,culture,and education,striving to achieve all-round development of the people.Specifically,the establishment of a dictatorship of the proletariat in politics ensures that the people are the masters of the country.Economically,we should ensure that material conditions are greatly enriched and that we are fully developed.In culture,a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend.In education,it is also necessary to continuously improve the people’s knowledge level.It can be seen that Marxism has implemented the concept of taking the people as the center into national governance measures and into real life.The measures of state governance enjoyed by the "people" in pre Qin Confucian writings are completely different from those enjoyed by the "people" in Marxist writings.This article is mainly divided into three aspects: paying attention only to the wisdom of sages while ignoring the development of people’s abilities and wisdom,paying attention only to moral preaching while ignoring human nature and external practical needs,and paying attention only to seeking to maintain governance while ignoring the interests of the people.It can be seen that the state governance measures of the pre Qin Confucianism were not for the people,but to maintain the rule and serve.Thirdly,from the perspective of the historical role given to "people" and "people",the driving force of historical development is the definition of "people" in Marxist works;The object of domination and the servant of the monarch are the true situation of the "people" in the Confucian literature of the pre Qin period.The fact that the people are the driving force of historical development is mainly explained by the fact that the people create history,the people are the main force in understanding the world,the people are the main force in transforming nature,and the people are the main force in transforming society."People are the vassals of the ruling class in the pre Qin period,which are mainly expressed through four aspects: the view of heroic history and the view of destiny,the people are the vassals of heroic figures in the historical process,the bottom layer of the hierarchical order of the pagoda type in society,the" villains "destined by destiny,and slaves.".Finally,from the perspective of understanding the "people" and the position of the "people" in the real society,it can be seen that in Marxist works,the people have always adhered to the central position of society,which is embodied in: taking the needs of the people as the realistic goal,taking the interests of the people as the guide for action,and taking the development of the people as the fundamental guidance.On the contrary,the "people" in the Confucian literature of the pre Qin period were merely slaves to class rule.They oppress and exploit the people by ruling them with authority and experience,stabilizing them with a conciliatory attitude,and exploiting them as masters.In summary,although the concept of "people" in pre Qin Confucian works shares many similarities with the concept of "people" in Marxist works,for example,both agree with the use of law in regulating social order,seek public opinion on major events,adapt to local conditions,emphasize the role of the people,and even criticize the theory of destiny.But they have certain differences in the population they refer to,the historical role they are endowed with,their status in real society,and their ultimate development goals.Only when we realize this,can we better adhere to the people as the center in our governance strategy,better adhere to the mass line in our working methods,and better adhere to common prosperity in our development goals.