Spatial And Temporal Differences In Carbon Emissions And Decoupling Effect Of Countries Along The "21st Century Maritime Silk Road"

Climate change has seriously affected human production and life,and low-carbon transformation has become the main trend of world economic development.Since the "the Belt and Road" initiative was put forward in 2013,more and more countries have joined it,and the scale of carbon emissions of countries along the line has also been increasing.In 2020,carbon emissions will exceed half of the world’s total carbon emissions.Therefore,countries along the Maritime Silk Road should work together to actively implement the goals of energy conservation and emission reduction while maintaining economic development,and jointly promote the green development of countries along the route.This thesis analyzes the carbon emissions of countries along the Maritime Silk Road,understands the spatial and temporal distribution of carbon emissions from 2000 to 2020,and explores the evolution relationship between economic growth and carbon decoupling and the degree of influence of various factors.Firstly,the literature on carbon emissions and decoupling effects of countries along the Maritime Silk Road at home and abroad is combed.Secondly,the temporal and spatial differences of carbon emissions of countries along the Maritime Silk Road from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed,three indicators of total carbon emissions,per capita carbon emissions and carbon emission intensity were selected for exploration,and the Tapio decoupling model was used to analyze the evolution trend of decoupling status along the Maritime Silk Road from the perspective of the region.Then,the LMDI model is used to decompose the influencing factors of carbon emissions,and the impact of each factor on the decoupling of carbon emissions in countries along the Maritime Silk Road is analyzed.Finally,the main conclusions are summarized and relevant policy recommendations are put forward.Research has found that there are significant spatial differences in the total carbon emissions of the six major regions along the Maritime Silk Road,and the magnitude of spatial pattern changes shows a trend of migration towards the eastern region along the route.The carbon emissions in East Asia are the highest among the six major regions,while the carbon emissions in Africa are the lowest.Between 2000 and 2020,the overall carbon emissions of countries along the Maritime Silk Road showed a trend of expanding negative decoupling towards weak decoupling year by year.From a regional perspective,decoupling in East Asia,Southeast Asia,South Asia,West Asia,and Africa is mainly characterized by an alternating trend of expansionary negative decoupling and weak decoupling,while decoupling in Europe is mainly characterized by weak decoupling and strong decoupling.In 2020,there will be expansionary negative decoupling in East Asia,strong negative decoupling in Southeast Asia and West Asia,and declining decoupling in South Asia,Africa and Europe.The decoupling of carbon emissions in this period will be mainly affected by the global COVID-19 epidemic.The decoupling gap between countries along the Maritime Silk Road is gradually narrowing,and continuous efforts are still needed to achieve a strong decoupling state.As for the influencing factors of the decoupling status,between 2000 and 2020,the energy structure and energy intensity effect of the countries along the Maritime Silk Road significantly promoted the decoupling of carbon emissions,while the economic growth effect and population size effect significantly inhibited the decoupling of carbon emissions of the countries along the Maritime Silk Road.The thesis finally provides suggestions for the future low-carbon development of countries along the Maritime Silk Road,economic and trade cooperation through the policy advantages of regions along the Maritime Silk Road,optimizing the industrial structure of developing countries,strengthening the awareness of technological innovation,focusing on the development of clean energy and renewable energy,countries should undertake the international responsibility of energy conservation and emission reduction,and ultimately achieve the sustainable development of carbon emissions and economy of countries along the route.