Research On The Folk House Architecture Of Gelao Ethnic Group In Shiqian County

The Gelao ethnic group is one of the 56 ethnic groups in my country,mainly distributed in Shiqian County,Daozhen County and Wuchuan County in Guizhou Province,and scattered in Yunnan,Guangxi and other provinces(region).The Gelao people are very rich in material culture,and the folk houses are one of them.The residential buildings of the Gelao people in Shiqian County have various architectural structures,and the architectural forms are mainly ordinary residential buildings,which are usually composed of two parts:the main house and the wing building.The main house is mostly one-storey,with five-column and four-melon structure being the most common.The wing building is two-storey.The size of the structure is related to the characteristics of local raw materials and people’s needs.Three types of combination systems are popular for the plane layout: "One","L" and "Sanheyuan"..In the building unit,in addition to the two main buildings of the principal room and the wing building,they are often supplemented by side room,luoao and shuazi to increase the usable area of the building.The architectural decoration of folk houses mainly includes wood carving,stone carving,color painting and other forms.The rich decorative patterns reflect the religious beliefs and traditional culture of the Gelao people.In addition to residential functions,residential buildings also have functions of sacrifice and livelihood.This paper focuses on the residential buildings in the seven Gelao villages in Shiqian County,presents the paradigm of individual cases,and through the archaeological case analysis of residential buildings,concludes that the Gelao residential buildings in Shiqian County are rooted in the local natural and geographical environment,fully demonstrating Conclusions on the characteristics of indigenous building techniques and traditional small farming economies.The paper notes that due to the influence of local social development environment,economy,technology,and family separation system,there are basically no high-standard and complex community buildings in Shiqian County’s dwellings.In the context of social development,although most of the traditional residential buildings have been preserved by people,they are still faced with the situation that they may be destroyed and destroyed at any time due to factors such as urbanization construction and residents’ self-renovation.The local traditional residential buildings carry people’s living,livelihood,beliefs and sacrificial activities in the traditional society of the Gelao people,and show the ethnic culture of the Gelao people in Shiqian County.The author believes that at present,the Gelao residential buildings in Shiqian County still have the function of cultural inheritance,and the protection and utilization of the Gelao residential buildings still have important historical value and practical significance.Architecture has the function of cultural heritage,so while protecting architecture,we should also pay attention to protecting the cultural traditions associated with it.