Research On Jinan Taoist Temple In Ming And Qing Dynasties

Since Wei and Jin Dynasties,Taoism has developed in Jinan area.In the Jin and Yuan dynasties,Quanzhen religion spread rapidly in Jinan and many temples were built,creating a good cultural atmosphere for the development of Taoism.During the reign of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty,the political center of Shandong was moved from Qingzhou Prefecture to Jinan Prefecture,and thereafter Jinan’s political,economic and cultural status was improved.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,the government adopted the policy of combining leniency with strictness to give Taoism a certain space for development.In addition,the palace of King De of Ming Dynasty lasted nearly200 years in Jinan and kept close contact with Taoism,which further promoted the development of Taoism in Jinan.The unique natural geographical advantages,rich cultural atmosphere and special humanistic and historical background laid the foundation for the development of Jinan Taoism.There were many famous mountains and Taoist temples in Jinan during Ming and Qing Dynasties.Especially since the middle and late Ming Dynasties,Taoist temples have been built more frequently,which provides important reference for studying the development history of Taoism in Jinan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Taoism in Jinan is rooted in the local society and has always maintained good interaction with the surrounding areas.Therefore,multiple social groups have participated in the construction and repair of Taoist temples to varying degrees.Not only have the Taoist temples preserved from the previous dynasties been repaired,but also a large number of temples which are closely related to the folk beliefs have been built,such as the Guan Di Temple,the Dragon King Temple and the Jade Emperor Temple.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,there were many Taoist temples in Jinan,among which Huayang Temple and Dongxu Temple were typical representatives.Huayang Temple has a long history,but it was once listed as "unregulated sacrifice".It is a typical Taoist temple integrating Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.Dong Xu Temple is an important Quanzhen Taoist temple,which was rebuilt as an academy in the Qing Dynasty and became a place for teaching and educating talents.The development history of the two Taoist temples fully shows the regional characteristics of the Taoist temples in Jinan during the Ming and Qing dynasties,which are important materials for the study of local culture in Jinan.In the long-term development of Jinan Taoism,the degree of secularization and civilianization has been deepened,and a temple pattern dominated by Quanzhen religion has been formed.As an important carrier of Taoism culture,Taoist temples have important social influence.On the one hand,Jinan Taoism is rooted in the local society and absorbs the contents of folk beliefs in its development.The spread of the belief of Dongyue Emperor and Bixia Yuanjun injected vitality into the development of Taoism in Jinan.On the other hand,Jinan Taoist Temple gradually integrated Buddhism and Confucianism in the process of construction,thus promoting the development of the integration of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.