Research On Jinan Buddhist Temples In Ming And Qing Dynasties

The temple is the main carrier of Buddhist culture.On the one hand,the temple is the main place for the activities of Buddhist believers.On the other hand,sculptures,murals and sutras in Buddhist temples are important cultural resources of Buddhism and contain rich historical and cultural values.Jinan has a profound cultural heritage and a long history of Buddhism.Buddhism began to spread here in the Southern and Northern Dynasties,so many Buddhist temples were founded and maintained here,among which the Ming and Qing Dynasties preserved the most.This paper takes the Buddhist monasteries in Jinan during the Ming and Qing dynasties as the main research object,and relies on the materials in the local Chronicles of Jinan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties to systematically sort out and study the Buddhist temples in Jinan.The first part discusses the general situation of the development of Buddhism in Jinan before Ming Dynasty,the social situation in Jinan during Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Buddhist policy in Ming and Qing Dynasties.Before the Ming Dynasty,many Buddhist monasteries were built in Jinan,which greatly influenced and regulated the development of Buddhism and monasteries in Jinan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.During the reign of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty,as Jinan Prefecture became the capital of Shandong Province,its political status was gradually enhanced.While regulating and restricting Buddhism,it also supported and regulated it.The second part analyzes the distribution,construction and destruction of Buddhist temples in Jinan during Ming and Qing Dynasties.In terms of geographical distribution,temples were widely distributed in Jinan during the Ming and Qing dynasties.Factors such as physical geography,politics,economy,transportation and Buddhist belief tradition contributed to the uneven distribution,forming a distribution area of Buddhist temples with Licheng and Changqing as the center.The building of temples in Jinan in Ming and Qing Dynasties could not be separated from the active participation of monks,Dewang Palace,local officials,scholars and ordinary believers.War was an important factor that caused the destruction of Buddhist temples in Jinan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.At the same time,the destruction of Buddhist temples was also affected by natural decay,fire,flood,earthquake and other natural factors.As a famous Buddhist temple in Jinan,the development of Lingyan Temple was not as good as before in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Due to limited financial resources,there were hardly any new buildings built in Lingyan Temple during this period.After the apocalypse of Ming Dynasty,Lingyan Temple declined even more.Generally speaking,the Buddhist monasteries in Jinan area declined in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The third part takes Shousheng Temple,Ciguang Temple and Jiuta Temple as examples to conduct targeted case studies.The close combination of Shousheng Temple and dragon God belief is a typical embodiment of the fusion of Buddhism and Taoism.The reasons for the construction and destruction of the temple in the Ming and Qing dynasties are sorted out through the analysis of its related inscriptions.The site selection and construction of the Nine Pagoda Temple are closely related to the local nature.These three monasteries are the epitome of the development of Buddhism in Jinan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and fully reflect the development of Jinan Buddhist monasteries in this period.They have unique characteristics of The Times and are of great research value.The fourth part summarizes the characteristics and influences of Buddhist monasteries in Jinan during Ming and Qing Dynasties.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,the secularization phenomenon of the combination of Buddhist monasteries and monasteries in Jinan was basically stereotyped.Buddhist beliefs were generally rooted in folk beliefs,and were integrated with Taoism and Confucianism.At the same time,it also showed its regional characteristics,which showed the unbalanced development.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the Buddhist temples in Jinan became increasingly secular and folk.The temple was not only a place for monks to study,but also a place for people to worship Buddha and play.At the same time,the temple also played an important role in the stability of the feudal ruling order.