Synchronic Comparison And Diachronic Evolution Studies Of "彻底""完全""纯粹"

The research about language scrimination between synonyms is particular.When adverbs and adjectives are used as adverbials with the same meaning,academic researches are insufficient for the similarities and differences of their functions.Based on the existing abundant corpus and theories,this paper describes and explains this phenomenon from the synchronic and diachronic aspects.Firstly,this paper researches the similarities and differences between“彻底”and完全”.The common ground is that:Both of them can be used as attributives and adverbial and complement,modify predicate object structure,etc.The difference is that“完全”can modify possible complements,“纯粹”cannot,“完全”can be followed by auxiliary verbs,“纯粹”has less less cases,etc.Secondly,research the similarities and differences between adverb“完全”and adverb“纯粹”.The common ground is that:Both of them can be adverb before a verb or verb phrase,rarely used before nominal predicates,etc.The difference is that when they act as an adverbial before a verb or verb phrase,“完全”can modify adjectival predicator,but“纯粹”cannot;“完全”can be modified by the negative adverb“没”,but“纯粹”cannot,etc.Then,this paper considers that“彻底”has evolved from the verb object phrase to the adjective of degree;The phrase“完全”lexicalized into the adjective,and then grammaticalized into scope adverb,and the degree adverb“完全”produced basing on the scope adverb.Finally,it appears the use of emphasizing.“纯粹”appeared no later than the pre Qin period.In the Song Dynasty,it was used as an attribute,verb and complement,modified by adverbs,and grammaticalized into adverbs in the Qing Dynasty.Finally,the paper summarizes similarities and differences about the semantic characteristics,functional usage of“彻底”“完全”“纯粹”,points out the shortcomings,for example,the choice of language materials and the interpretation of language phenomena are subjective,and the analysis and conclusion of some examples may not be accurate,etc.