A Study Of Urban Unapproved Building Governance In Nanjing National Government Period (1927-1937)

Taking the establishment of Nanjing Civil Administration to the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War as the time interval,this paper analyzes the general situation of unapproved buildings in several Chinese cities during the "golden decade" from 1927 to 1937,explores the countermeasures proposed by various cities against the phenomenon of "unapproved buildings" and the implementation process of these policies,and also analyzes the difficulties encountered in the implementation process and the results achieved.Therefore,Based on the basic writing logic of why illegal buildings occur,which policies are adopted to deal with them,the specific implementation process of policies and the effectiveness and predicament of governance,this paper discusses the contents of four chapters in series respectively,and discusses the authorities’ governance of unapproved buildings during the period of the Republic of China(1927-1937).This paper first defined the "unapproved buildings" in the Republic of China based on the building regulations and government reports at that time.At the same time,based on these historical materials,it explored the number of violations in each city at that time,and classified the most frequent violations in the government reports,municipal bulletins and public works periodicals.It also explains that unapproved buildings have harm to the appearance and appearance of the city,hinder the municipal planning,harmful to safety and other hazards,and then analyzes the reasons for the appearance of unapproved buildings in the city from the four aspects of urban planning,population,economic interests and legal consciousness.The second chapter is the "policy" part of unapproved buildings governance.The governance of unapproved buildings should be based on laws,rules to follow,and the cooperation of various departments.Therefore,the first part is the governance mechanism of unapproved buildings in various cities,including rules and regulations and important departments involved in the governance of unapproved buildings.The second,third,fourth and fifth parts are the governance policies of illegal private construction,dangerous construction,encroachment and road occupation,and shanty.The common measures include supplementary licensing,fines,demolition,removal,inspection and repair,and standardization of construction industry.The third chapter is the implementation part of the unapproved buildings governance policy.If the unapproved construction is not serious,a new license will be issued and a fine will be imposed.If the unapproved buildings is serious,the public will be banned.In order to save manpower and improve efficiency,the public will be encouraged to report actively.Because of its poor safety performance,dangerous buildings should be investigated,registered and urged to repair as the main control measures,and those who are difficult to repair should be dismantled and banned.For encroaching street occupiers,demolition is required to remove sufficient dimensions to comply with road standards.As for the management of shanty,Nanjing and Shanghai two typical cities as the study object to elaborate.The last chapter describes the achievements and difficulties the government has encountered in the process of unapproved buildings.The achievements are mainly reflected in the number of unapproved buildings control,the construction of special resettlement sites,road widening and so on.In the process of governance,the contradiction between demolition and construction is the most prominent.Due to various reasons,the violators lack enthusiasm for the policies issued by the government,coupled with insufficient funds and the defects of the policies themselves,so that the governance difficulties are numerous.