A Preliminary Study On The Relationship Between Technology And Environment Of Metal Mining Development In Southwest Ethnic Areas Of Ming And Qing Dynasties

At present,the academic circle pays little attention to the research on the technology and environment of metal mining development in the southwest minority areas,mainly focusing on the history of mining development,or the history of econ omic development activities and environment,and the research on the technology and environment of mining development is relatively weak.This paper mainly takes the metal mining development technology in the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the southwest ethnic areas as the research object,and discusses the application of technology and regional differences,which to a certain extent fills the gap in the study of the relationship between handicraft industry technology and environment.Metal mining development technology of southwest ethnic areas and environmental research,the scientific method of using a variety of disciplines,mainly composed of historical literature analysis method,such as history books,local Chronicles,by looking at the previous book,archaeological data,folk custom reports,etc.,supplemented by geography,ethnology research methods in the field of cross subjects such as preliminary study,It is helpful for us to understand the relationship between mining development technology and environmental choice at that time,and it still has some reference value for the application of technology today.This paper is divided into five parts.The first part is the introduction,mainly elaborated the reason of the topic,the research significance and the research status quo,and the relevant concepts and regions described in this paper are defined;The second part of the article is the first chapter "the Ming and qing dynasties southwest minorities and distribution",give priority to with the administrative division,this paper expounds the distribution and variation during the Ming and qing dynasties in the southwest ethnic groups and ethnic areas at the time of the political setup,discovered the qing yongzheng gai-tu-gui-liu policy,in the southwest minority distribution is more dispersed,also widened range: The third part is the second chapter of the article "the Ming and qing dynasties metal mining development technology and the ethnic groups in southwest regional differences",this part mainly discusses the southwest ethnic area during Ming and qing dynasties of the use of metal mining development technology and the regional difference,in the qing yongzheng gai-tu-gui-liu policy for industry,discusses the Ming and qing dynasties of southwest minority areas the use of metal mining development technology and the regional differences,The regional difference is caused by the difference of metal mine itself.There are differences in mining and smelting due to different types of metal ore.The difference of metal quality makes the mining and smelting of metal ore show some differences.After the Qing Dynasty Yongzheng reclaimed the land and returned to the river,the mining population was mainly jointly developed by the Han ethnic group and the ethnic minority group.The fourth part is the third chapter "the Ming and qing dynasties metal mining development technology environment background of southwest ethnic areas",from the aspects of natural environment and social environment two large metal mining d evelopment technology to illustrate this period not only affected by the natural environment such as terrain,forest and vegetation,water resources condition restriction,also by the social environment,such as immigration,policy,transportation and other factors,These two aspects affect people’s choice of technology in the southwest ethnic minority areas.The different technologies selected make the metal mining development technology in the southwest ethnic minority areas present certain differences.The fifth part of the article is the fourth chapter "environmental effects of metal mining development technology in the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the southwest ethnic areas".This chapter mainly discusses the application of metal mining development technology in the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the southwest ethnic areas,which has a certain impact on the natural environment and social environment in this area.For the natural environment,the application of metal mining development technology has caused damage to the local forest vegetation,aggravated the soil erosion in the mining area,and caused some pollution to the water resources.In addition,it also had a certain impact on the social environment,such as promoting the development of traffic,the increase of population,the change of industrial structure,etc.,which was closely related to the application of technology at that time.The last part is the conclusion of the article,which summarizes the application of metal mining development technology and regional differences in the minority areas of Southwest China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,as well as the relationship between technology choice and environment.It warns us to take measures according to local conditions and do environmental protection measures at any time when we carry out production activities.