A Corpus-based Study On The Acquisition Of "Ba" Words

"Ba" sentence is a basic,commonly used and very important grammatical point in Chinese.There are also "ba"(把)sentences in Donggan language,but there are many differences in the usage of "ba"(把)sentences between Donggan language and modern Chinese,which often brings troubles to learners whose native language is Donggan language(hereinafter referred to as Donggan international students).Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the acquisition of "ba"(把)sentences by Donggan international students and explore how Donggan language affects the acquisition of "ba"(把)in modern Chinese.The ontological research on the "ba"(把)sentence has been quite rich,but there is relatively little research in the field of second language acquisition,and there is currently no research on the acquisition of the "ba"(把)sentence for Donggan international students.In view of this,this article based on theories such as error analysis,combined with relevant corpus from the global interlanguage corpus,conducts a study on the acquisition of "ba"(把)sentences by Donggan international students.This article examines the corpus of about 170000 Donggan international students,analyzes the "ba"(把)sentence corpus,explores their acquisition of the "ba"(把)sentence,and combines the Donggan language of the students’ mother tongue to explore and summarize the errors that arise in the process of students’ acquisition and propose corresponding teaching strategies.The study found that there are four main types of errors in the process of Donggan international students’ acquisition of "ba"(把)sentences,with the largest proportion of errors being added,followed by errors in substitution,omissions,and the smallest proportion of errors in order.The most frequent use of the "ba"(把)sentence by Donggan international students is in the verb complement form,and the use cases mainly focus on the verb complement form,with fewer use of the verb object form,and fewer use of the adverbial verb form and the causative form.Finally,the article discussed the acquisition order of Donggan international students’ "ba"(把)sentence,and concluded that the sentence patterns most easily acquired by Donggan international students are: the sentence pattern B1 "Sub+ba+O+V in/to/to/to+P" in the verb complement pattern,the sentence pattern B5 "Sub+ba+O+V+momentum complement",and the sentence pattern C1 "Sub+ba+O+V+N2(indirect object)" in the verb object pattern;The most difficult sentence patterns to learn are: A1 "Sub+Ba+O+Adverbial+V" in the adverbial verb pattern,D1 "Sub+Ba+O+V(yi/le)V" in the verb pattern,and the causative form "Sub+Ba+O(agent)+V+other components".This article proposes relevant teaching suggestions from three aspects: comprehensively grasping the problems that arise during the learning process of the "ba" sentence by Donggan international students,identifying the learning difficulties of Donggan international students at different stages of learning,and analyzing structural and pragmatic issues based on Donggan international students’ mother tongue.